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Tomatidine enhances lifespan and healthspan in C. elegans through mitophagy induction via the SKN-1/Nrf2 pathway
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Tomatidine enhances lifespan and healthspan in C. elegans through mitophagy induction via the SKN-1/Nrf2 pathway
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Journal Article
Tomatidine enhances lifespan and healthspan in C. elegans through mitophagy induction via the SKN-1/Nrf2 pathway
2017
Overview
Aging is a major international concern that brings formidable socioeconomic and healthcare challenges. Small molecules capable of improving the health of older individuals are being explored. Small molecules that enhance cellular stress resistance are a promising avenue to alleviate declines seen in human aging. Tomatidine, a natural compound abundant in unripe tomatoes, inhibits age-related skeletal muscle atrophy in mice. Here we show that tomatidine extends lifespan and healthspan in
C. elegans
, an animal model of aging which shares many major longevity pathways with mammals. Tomatidine improves many
C. elegans
behaviors related to healthspan and muscle health, including increased pharyngeal pumping, swimming movement, and reduced percentage of severely damaged muscle cells. Microarray, imaging, and behavioral analyses reveal that tomatidine maintains mitochondrial homeostasis by modulating mitochondrial biogenesis and PINK-1/DCT-1-dependent mitophagy. Mechanistically, tomatidine induces mitochondrial hormesis by mildly inducing ROS production, which in turn activates the SKN-1/Nrf2 pathway and possibly other cellular antioxidant response pathways, followed by increased mitophagy. This mechanism occurs in
C. elegans
, primary rat neurons, and human cells. Our data suggest that tomatidine may delay some physiological aspects of aging, and points to new approaches for pharmacological interventions for diseases of aging.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ 13/106
/ Aging
/ Animals
/ Atrophy
/ Caenorhabditis elegans - drug effects
/ Caenorhabditis elegans - genetics
/ Caenorhabditis elegans - metabolism
/ Caenorhabditis elegans - physiology
/ Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins - metabolism
/ DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
/ Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects
/ Hormesis
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - metabolism
/ Pharynx
/ Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
/ Science
/ Signal Transduction - drug effects
/ Stress, Physiological - drug effects
/ Swimming
/ Tomatine - analogs & derivatives
/ Tomatoes
