Journal Article

Effect of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction Parameters on the Biological Activities and Metabolites Present in Extracts from Arthrospira platensis

Chen, Wei, Cuéllar-Bermúdez, Sara, Ontiveros-Valencia, Aura, Esquivel-Hernández, Diego, García-Pérez, J., Torres, J., Rostro-Alanis, Magdalena, Parra-Saldívar, Roberto, Mancera-Andrade, Elena, Núñez-Echevarría, Jade, García-García, Rebeca, Rodríguez-Rodríguez, José

2017

Overview

Arthrospira platensis was used to obtain functional extracts through supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SFE-CO2). Pressure (P), temperature (T), co-solvent (CX), static extraction (SX), dispersant (Di) and dynamic extraction (DX) were evaluated as process parameters through a Plackett–Burman design. The maximum extract yield obtained was 7.48 ± 0.15% w/w. The maximum contents of bioactive metabolites in extracts were 0.69 ± 0.09 µg/g of riboflavin, 5.49 ± 0.10 µg/g of α-tocopherol, 524.46 ± 0.10 µg/g of β-carotene, 1.44 ± 0.10 µg/g of lutein and 32.11 ± 0.12 mg/g of fatty acids with 39.38% of palmitic acid, 20.63% of linoleic acid and 30.27% of γ-linolenic acid. A. platensis extracts had an antioxidant activity of 76.47 ± 0.71 µg GAE/g by Folin–Ciocalteu assay, 0.52 ± 0.02, 0.40 ± 0.01 and 1.47 ± 0.02 µmol TE/g by DPPH, FRAP and TEAC assays, respectively. These extracts showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Overall, co-solvent was the most significant factor for all measured effects (p < 0.05). Arthrospira platensis represents a sustainable source of bioactive compounds through SFE using the following extraction parameters P: 450 bar, CX: 11 g/min, SX: 15 min, DX: 25 min, T: 60 °C and Di: 35 g.

• Publisher: MDPI AG,MDPI
• Subject: alpha-Tocopherol - chemistry / alpha-Tocopherol - pharmacology / Anti-Infective Agents - chemistry / Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology / Antimicrobial activity / antimicrobials / Antioxidants / Antioxidants - chemistry / Antioxidants - pharmacology / Arthrospira platensis / Bacteria - drug effects / beta Carotene - chemistry / beta Carotene - pharmacology / Bioactive compounds / Biological activity / Biological Factors - chemistry / Biological Factors - pharmacology / Candida albicans - drug effects / Carbon dioxide / Carbon Dioxide - chemistry / Carbon monoxide / Dispersants / E coli / Fatty acids / Fatty Acids - chemistry / Fatty Acids - pharmacology / Linoleic acid / Linoleic Acid - chemistry / Linoleic Acid - pharmacology / Linolenic acid / Lutein / Lutein - chemistry / Lutein - pharmacology / Metabolites / nutraceuticals / Palmitic acid / Parameters / Plant Extracts - chemistry / Plant Extracts - pharmacology / Pressure / Process parameters / Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Riboflavin / Riboflavin - chemistry / Riboflavin - pharmacology / Solvents / Solvents - chemistry / Spirulina - chemistry / supercritical fluid extraction / Supercritical gas extraction / Temperature / Tocopherol / α-tocopherol / β-Carotene / γ-linolenic acid