Journal Article

Impact of the Level of Adherence to Mediterranean Diet on the Parameters of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Theodoridis, Xenophon, Chourdakis, Michail, Kotzakioulafi, Evangelia, Bakaloudi, Dimitra Rafailia, Chrysoula, Lydia

2021

Overview

High adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) has been associated with a lower prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). The present study aimed to investigate the impact of MD adherence on parameters of MetS. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Central Registry of Clinical Trials (CENTRAL), Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases. Observational studies that recorded adherence to MD and components/measures of the MetS, such as waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglycerides (TG), were included in this study. A total of 58 studies were included in our study. WC and TG were significantly lower in the high adherence MD group (SMD: −0.20, (95%CI: −0.40, −0.01), SMD: −0.27 (95%CI: −0.27, −0.11), respectively), while HDL cholesterol was significantly higher in the same group (SMD: −0.28 (95%CI: 0.07, 0.50). There was no difference in FBG and SBP among the two groups (SMD: −0.21 (95%CI: −0.54, 0.12) & SMD: −0.15 (95%CI: −0.38, 0.07), respectively). MD may have a positive impact on all parameters of MetS. However, further research is needed in this field.

• Publisher: MDPI AG,MDPI
• Subject: Analysis / Blood cholesterol / blood glucose / blood pressure / Citation management software / Diabetes / Diet / Diet, Mediterranean / Epidemiology / Fatty acids / high density lipoprotein cholesterol / Legumes / Mediterranean diet / Meta-analysis / Metabolic syndrome / Metabolic Syndrome - diet therapy / Mortality / Nutrition research / Obesity / Observational studies / Observational Studies as Topic / Systematic Review / Type 2 diabetes / waist circumference