Journal Article

Selenium Nanoparticles Ameliorate Adverse Impacts of Aflatoxin in Nile Tilapia with Special Reference to Streptococcus agalactiae Infection

Sherif, Ahmed H., Zommara, Mohsen A.

2024

Overview

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a plant-origin toxin that could induce oxidative stress in fish. The micromineral selenium (Se) possesses well-documented antioxidant properties. To assess the ameliorative effects of SeNPs (1 mg/kg fish feed) on oxidative stress induced by AFB1 (500 μg/kg fish feed), Nile tilapia (32.2±1.7 g body weight) were distributed randomly and even in six groups for 8-week feeding trial. Live enzymes, AST, ALT, and ALP levels were increased in the serum of fish fed AFB1-contaminated diet, and the addition of SeNPs could restore normal values compared to the control. The gene expression of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme and catalase (CAT) enzyme, and DNA fragmentation were significantly increased in response to aflatoxin exposure, while dietary SeNPs could mitigate the generated oxidative stress. The innate immunity, serum antibacterial activity (SAA), oxidative burst activity (OBA), phagocytic activities (PA and PI), and gene expression of cytokines (interleukin ( IL ) -1β , heat shock protein70 ( Hsp ), and tumor necrosis factor ( TNF )- α ) revealed a status of immunosuppression in Nile tilapia fed on AFB1-contaminated diet. These findings showed that fish became more vulnerable to Streptococcus agalactiae infection with a high mortality rate while dietary SeNPs provided a high relative protection level (RPL). From the obtained findings, SeNPs could mitigate the oxidative stress induced by feeding the AFB1 diet and could boost the immunity of stressed Nile tilapia.

• Publisher: Springer US,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: Aflatoxin B1 / Aflatoxin B1 - toxicity / Aflatoxins / Animal Feed - analysis / Animals / Antibacterial activity / antibacterial properties / Antibiotics / Antioxidant properties / Antioxidants / Antioxidants - metabolism / Antioxidants - pharmacology / Bacteria / Biochemistry / Biological stress / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Biotechnology / blood serum / Body weight / Catalase / Cichlids - immunology / Cichlids - metabolism / Cichlids - microbiology / Cytokines / Diet / DNA fragmentation / Enzymes / Feeding experiments / Fish / Fish Diseases - chemically induced / Fish Diseases - microbiology / Fish Diseases - prevention & control / Fish feeds / Freshwater fishes / Gene expression / Heat shock / Heat shock factors / heat stress / Immunity / Immunosuppression / Innate immunity / interleukins / Life Sciences / mortality / Nanoparticles / Nanoparticles - chemistry / Necrosis / Nutrition / Oncology / Oreochromis niloticus / Oxidative stress / Oxidative Stress - drug effects / Phagocytes / Selenium / Selenium - pharmacology / Streptococcal Infections - veterinary / Streptococcus agalactiae / Streptococcus agalactiae - drug effects / Streptococcus infections / Superoxide dismutase / Tilapia / Toxins / Tumor necrosis factor-TNF / tumor necrosis factors / Whitefish