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The immunomodulating V and W proteins of Nipah virus determine disease course
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Journal Article
The immunomodulating V and W proteins of Nipah virus determine disease course
2015
Overview
The viral determinants that contribute to Nipah virus (NiV)-mediated disease are poorly understood compared with other paramyxoviruses. Here we use recombinant NiVs (rNiVs) to examine the contributions of the NiV V and W proteins to NiV pathogenesis in a ferret model. We show that a V-deficient rNiV is susceptible to the innate immune response
in vitro
and behaves as a replicating non-lethal virus
in vivo
. Remarkably, rNiV lacking W expression results in a delayed and altered disease course with decreased respiratory disease and increased terminal neurological disease associated with altered
in vitro
inflammatory cytokine production. This study confirms the V protein as the major determinant of pathogenesis, also being the first
in vivo
study to show that the W protein modulates the inflammatory host immune response in a manner that determines the disease course.
Nipah virus (NiV) can be transmitted from bats and other animals to humans, causing severe encephalitis and respiratory disease. Here, Satterfield
et al.
show that the W protein of NiV modulates the host immune response and determines disease course in a ferret model of infection.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Pub. Group
Subject
/ 13/109
/ 13/51
/ Animals
/ Endothelial Cells - immunology
/ Endothelial Cells - virology
/ Epithelial Cells - immunology
/ Ferrets
/ Henipavirus Infections - immunology
/ Henipavirus Infections - virology
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Humans
/ Immunity, Innate - immunology
/ Phosphoproteins - immunology
/ Science
