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Capsaicin prevents degeneration of dopamine neurons by inhibiting glial activation and oxidative stress in the MPTP model of Parkinson’s disease
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Capsaicin prevents degeneration of dopamine neurons by inhibiting glial activation and oxidative stress in the MPTP model of Parkinson’s disease
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Journal Article
Capsaicin prevents degeneration of dopamine neurons by inhibiting glial activation and oxidative stress in the MPTP model of Parkinson’s disease
2017
Overview
The effects of capsaicin (CAP), a transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) agonist, were determined on nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) neurons in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The results showed that TRPV1 activation by CAP rescued nigrostriatal DA neurons, enhanced striatal DA functions and improved behavioral recovery in MPTP-treated mice. CAP neuroprotection was associated with reduced expression of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β) and reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species from activated microglia-derived NADPH oxidase, inducible nitric oxide synthase or reactive astrocyte-derived myeloidperoxidase. These beneficial effects of CAP were reversed by treatment with the TRPV1 antagonists capsazepine and iodo-resiniferatoxin, indicating TRPV1 involvement. This study demonstrates that TRPV1 activation by CAP protects nigrostriatal DA neurons via inhibition of glial activation-mediated oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the MPTP mouse model of PD. These results suggest that CAP and its analogs may be beneficial therapeutic agents for the treatment of PD and other neurodegenerative disorders that are associated with neuroinflammation and glial activation-derived oxidative damage.
Parkinson's disease: Chili compound offers protection
Capsaicin, the fiery compound found in chili peppers, and similar chemicals could offer new options to treat Parkinson's disease (PD). Interest in capsaicin's possible action against PD has been growing for some years. Researchers in South Korea led by Byung Jin of Kyung Hee University and Won-Ho Shin of the Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology investigated the link using a mouse model of PD. They found that capsaicin could prevent the degeneration of the nerve cells affected by PD. The overall behavior of the mice also improved. The beneficial effects are initiated when the capsaicin molecules bind to a protein receptor called TRPV1 in nerve cell membranes. This stimulates a sequence of events that protect the cells. The therapeutic potential of molecules that interact with TRPV1, including capsaicin, should therefore be investigated further.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Springer Nature B.V,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ 64/60
/ Animals
/ Antioxidants - therapeutic use
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Dopaminergic Neurons - drug effects
/ Dopaminergic Neurons - metabolism
/ Male
/ Mice
/ MPTP Poisoning - drug therapy
/ Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology
/ Neuroprotective Agents - therapeutic use
/ Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II - metabolism
/ Original
