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Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-1 Protects Cells against Lipotoxicity-Mediated Apoptosis in Proximal Tubular Cells
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Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-1 Protects Cells against Lipotoxicity-Mediated Apoptosis in Proximal Tubular Cells
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Journal Article
Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-1 Protects Cells against Lipotoxicity-Mediated Apoptosis in Proximal Tubular Cells
2016
Overview
Saturated fatty acid (SFA)-related lipotoxicity is a pathogenesis of diabetes-related renal proximal tubular epithelial cell (PTEC) damage, closely associated with a progressive decline in renal function. This study was designed to identify a free fatty acid (FFA) metabolism-related enzyme that can protect PTECs from SFA-related lipotoxicity. Among several enzymes involved in FFA metabolism, we identified stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1), whose expression level significantly decreased in the kidneys of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetic mice, compared with non-diabetic mice. SCD1 is an enzyme that desaturates SFAs, converting them to monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), leading to the formation of neutral lipid droplets. In culture, retrovirus-mediated overexpression of SCD1 or MUFA treatment significantly ameliorated SFA-induced apoptosis in PTECs by enhancing intracellular lipid droplet formation. In contrast, siRNA against SCD1 exacerbated the apoptosis. Both overexpression of SCD1 and MUFA treatment reduced SFA-induced apoptosis via reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress in cultured PTECs. Thus, HFD-induced decrease in renal SCD1 expression may play a pathogenic role in lipotoxicity-induced renal injury, and enhancing SCD1-mediated desaturation of SFA and subsequent formation of neutral lipid droplets may become a promising therapeutic target to reduce SFA-induced lipotoxicity. The present study provides a novel insight into lipotoxicity in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.
Publisher
MDPI AG,MDPI
Subject
/ Diabetic Nephropathies - enzymology
/ Diabetic Nephropathies - genetics
/ Diabetic Nephropathies - pathology
/ Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - genetics
/ Epithelial Cells - enzymology
/ Epithelial Cells - pathology
/ Fasting
/ Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated - metabolism
/ Humans
/ Kidney Tubules, Proximal - enzymology
/ Kidney Tubules, Proximal - pathology
/ Lipids
/ Mice
/ RNA, Small Interfering - genetics
/ RNA, Small Interfering - metabolism
/ Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase - antagonists & inhibitors
/ Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase - genetics
/ Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase - metabolism
/ Toxicity
