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Susceptibility of bacterial endophthalmitis isolates to vancomycin, ceftazidime, and amikacin
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Susceptibility of bacterial endophthalmitis isolates to vancomycin, ceftazidime, and amikacin
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Journal Article
Susceptibility of bacterial endophthalmitis isolates to vancomycin, ceftazidime, and amikacin
2021
Overview
Bacterial endophthalmitis is a rare intraocular infection, and prompt administration of intravitreal antibiotics is crucial for preventing severe vision loss. The retrospective study is to investigate the in vitro susceptibility to the antibiotics vancomycin, amikacin, and ceftazidime of bacterial endophthalmitis isolates in specimens at a tertiary referral center from January 1996 to April 2019 in Taiwan. Overall, 450 (49.9%) isolates were Gram positive, 447 (49.6%) were Gram negative, and 4 (0.4%) were Gram variable. In Gram-positive isolates, coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most commonly cultured bacteria (158, 35.1%), followed by
Streptococci
(100, 22.2%),
Enterococci
(75, 16.7%), and
Staphylococcus aureus
(70, 15.6%). In Gram-negative isolates, they were
Klebsiella pneumoniae
(166, 37.1%) and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(131, 29.3%). All Gram-positive organisms were susceptible to vancomycin, with the exception of one
Enterococcus faecium
isolate (1/450, 0.2%). Of the Gram-negative isolates, 96.9% and 93.7% were susceptible to ceftazidime and amikacin, respectively. Nine isolates (9/447, 2.0%) were multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, comprising
K. pneumoniae
(4/164, 2.4%),
Acinetobacter baumannii
(2/3, 67%), and
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
(3/18, 17%). In conclusion, in vitro susceptibility testing revealed that vancomycin remains the suitable antibiotic treatment for Gram-positive endophthalmitis. Ceftazidime and amikacin provide approximately the same degree of Gram-negative coverage. Multidrug-resistant bacterial endophthalmitis was uncommon.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
