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Direct molecular detection of a broad range of bacterial and viral organisms and Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine serotypes in children with otitis media with effusion
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Direct molecular detection of a broad range of bacterial and viral organisms and Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine serotypes in children with otitis media with effusion
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Journal Article
Direct molecular detection of a broad range of bacterial and viral organisms and Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine serotypes in children with otitis media with effusion
2016
Overview
Background
Otitis media with effusion (OME) causes significant morbidity in children, but the causes of OME and methods for prevention are unclear. To look for potential infectious etiologies, we performed a pilot study using multiple-target real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for 27 infectious agents, including nine bacterial organisms and 18 respiratory viruses in middle ear fluids (MEFs) from children with OME. QPCR was also performed for the 13
Streptococcus pneumoniae
serotypes contained in the current vaccine.
Results
Forty-eight MEF samples were obtained and qPCR detected bacterial nucleic acid (NA) in 39/48 (81 %) and viral NA in 7/48 (15 %).
Alloiococcus otitidis
and
S. pneumoniae
were both detected in 15/48 (31 %) MEFs, followed by
M. catarrhalis
in 14/48 (29 %),
H. influenzae
in 5/48 (10 %) and
M. pneumoniae
in 4/48 (8 %). Rhinoviruses were most common virus type detected, found in 4/48 (8 %) MEFs. Serotypes included in the current 13-serotype vaccine were detected in only 3/15 (20 %)
S. pneumoniae
qPCR-positive MEFs.
Conclusions
Bacteria may play an important role in OME, since over 80 % of MEFs contained bacterial NA. Further research into the role of
A. otitidis
in OME will be helpful. Serotypes of
S. pneumoniae
not included in the current 13-serotype vaccine may be involved in OME. Larger studies of OME
S. pneumoniae
serotypes are needed to help determine which additional serotypes should be included in future vaccine formulations in order to try to prevent OME.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V
Subject
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Child
/ Female
/ Humans
/ Infant
/ Male
/ Otitis Media with Effusion - microbiology
/ Pneumococcal Vaccines - classification
/ Pneumococcal Vaccines - immunology
/ Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods
/ Streptococcus pneumoniae - classification
/ Streptococcus pneumoniae - genetics
