Journal Article

Antifungal activity of Fe3O4@SiO2/Schiff-base/Cu(II) magnetic nanoparticles against pathogenic Candida species

Zareshahrabadi, Zahra, Azizipour, Esmat, Firuzyar, Tahereh, Abbaspour, Alireza, Dortaj, Hengameh, Kamyab, Hesam, Chelliapan, Shreeshivadasan, Amani, Ali Mohammad, Mosleh-Shirazi, Sareh, Azadi, Sedigheh, Vaez, Ahmad

2024

Overview

The antifungal efficacy and cytotoxicity of a novel nano-antifungal agent, the Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 /Schiff-base complex of Cu(II) magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), have been assessed for targeting drug-resistant Candida species. Due to the rising issue of fungal infections, especially candidiasis, and resistance to traditional antifungals, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies. Utilizing Schiff-base ligands known for their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, the Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 /Schiff-base/Cu(II) MNPs have been synthesized. The Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 /Schiff-base/Cu(II) MNPs was characterized by Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), demonstrating successful synthesis. The antifungal potential was evaluated against six Candida species ( C . dubliniensis , C . krusei , C . tropicalis , C . parapsilosis , C . glabrata , and C . albicans ) using the broth microdilution method. The results indicated strong antifungal activity in the range of 8–64 μg/mL with the lowest MIC (8 μg/mL) observed against C . parapsilosis . The result showed the MIC of 32 μg/mL against C. albicans as the most common infection source. The antifungal mechanism is likely due to the disruption of the fungal cell wall and membrane, along with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation leading to cell death. The MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay for cytotoxicity on mouse L929 fibroblastic cells suggested low toxicity and even enhanced cell proliferation at certain concentrations. This study demonstrates the promise of Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 /Schiff-base/Cu(II) MNPs as a potent antifungal agent with potential applications in the treatment of life-threatening fungal infections, healthcare-associated infections, and beyond.

• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
• Subject: 631/326/193/2542 / 639/638 / 639/638/403/933 / 692/420 / Anti-fungal property / Antifungal activity / Antifungal agents / Antimicrobial activity / Candida / Candida species / Candidiasis / Cell death / Cell proliferation / Cell walls / Copper / Cu(II) Nanoparticles / Cytotoxicity / Drug resistance / Fourier transforms / Fungal infections / Humanities and Social Sciences / Infrared spectroscopy / Iron oxides / Light scattering / Microdilution / Microscopy / Minimum inhibitory concentration / multidisciplinary / Nanoparticles / Reactive oxygen species / Scanning electron microscopy / Science / Science (multidisciplinary) / Silicon dioxide / Transmission electron microscopy / X-ray diffraction