Journal Article

Early diagnosis of bladder cancer through the detection of urinary tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins

Khadjavi, A, Fiorito, G, Pantaleo, A, Sacerdote, C, Polidoro, S, Destefanis, P, Matullo, G, Notarpietro, A, Vineis, P, Turrini, F, Castagno, F, Gontero, P, Fontana, D, Mannu, F, Frea, B, Giribaldi, G, Battaglia, A, Allasia, M, Prato, M

2015

Overview

Background: A noninvasive, highly sensitive and specific urine test is needed for bladder cancer (BC) diagnosis and surveillance in addition to the invasive cystoscopy. We previously described the diagnostic effectiveness of urinary tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins (UPY) and a new assay (UPY-A) for their measurement in a pilot study. The aim of this work was to evaluate the performances of the UPY-A using an independent cohort of 262 subjects. Methods: Urinary tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins were measured by UPY-A test. The area under ROC curve, cutoff, sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of UPY-A were determined. The association of UPY levels with tumour staging, grading, recurrence and progression risk was analysed by Kruskal–Wallis and Wilcoxon’s test. To test the probability to be a case if positive at the UPY-A, a logistic test adjusted for possible confounding factor was used. Results: Results showed a significant difference of UPY levels between patients with BC vs healthy controls. For the best cutoff value, 261.26 Standard Units (SU), the sensitivity of the assay was 80.43% and the specificity was 78.82%. A statistically significant difference was found in the levels of UPY at different BC stages and grades between Ta and T1 and with different risk of recurrence and progression. A statistically significant increased risk for BC at UPY-A ⩾261.26 SU was observed. Conclusions: The present study supplies important information on the diagnostic characteristics of UPY-A revealing remarkable performances for early stages and allowing its potential use for different applications encompassing the screening of high-risk subjects, primary diagnosis and posttreatment surveillance.

• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
• Subject: 692/699/67/1857 / 692/699/67/2322 / 692/699/67/589/1336 / 692/700/139/1420/1919 / Adult / Aged / Aged, 80 and over / Biomarkers, Tumor - urine / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Biomedicine / Cancer Research / Case-Control Studies / Cohort Studies / Drug Resistance / Early Detection of Cancer - methods / Epidemiology / Female / Humans / Male / Middle Aged / Molecular Diagnostics / Molecular Medicine / Neoplasm Staging / Oncology / Phosphoproteins - metabolism / Phosphoproteins - urine / Pilot Projects / Protein-Tyrosine Kinases - metabolism / Tyrosine - metabolism / Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - diagnosis / Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - pathology / Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - urine