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Regeneration of Pancreatic Non-β Endocrine Cells in Adult Mice following a Single Diabetes-Inducing Dose of Streptozotocin
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Regeneration of Pancreatic Non-β Endocrine Cells in Adult Mice following a Single Diabetes-Inducing Dose of Streptozotocin
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Regeneration of Pancreatic Non-β Endocrine Cells in Adult Mice following a Single Diabetes-Inducing Dose of Streptozotocin
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Journal Article
Regeneration of Pancreatic Non-β Endocrine Cells in Adult Mice following a Single Diabetes-Inducing Dose of Streptozotocin
2012
Overview
The non-β endocrine cells in pancreatic islets play an essential counterpart and regulatory role to the insulin-producing β-cells in the regulation of blood-glucose homeostasis. While significant progress has been made towards the understanding of β-cell regeneration in adults, very little is known about the regeneration of the non-β endocrine cells such as glucagon-producing α-cells and somatostatin producing δ-cells. Previous studies have noted the increase of α-cell composition in diabetes patients and in animal models. It is thus our hypothesis that non-β-cells such as α-cells and δ-cells in adults can regenerate, and that the regeneration accelerates in diabetic conditions. To test this hypothesis, we examined islet cell composition in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mouse model in detail. Our data showed the number of α-cells in each islet increased following STZ-mediated β-cell destruction, peaked at Day 6, which was about 3 times that of normal islets. In addition, we found δ-cell numbers doubled by Day 6 following STZ treatment. These data suggest α- and δ-cell regeneration occurred rapidly following a single diabetes-inducing dose of STZ in mice. Using in vivo BrdU labeling techniques, we demonstrated α- and δ-cell regeneration involved cell proliferation. Co-staining of the islets with the proliferating cell marker Ki67 showed α- and δ-cells could replicate, suggesting self-duplication played a role in their regeneration. Furthermore, Pdx1(+)/Insulin(-) cells were detected following STZ treatment, indicating the involvement of endocrine progenitor cells in the regeneration of these non-β cells. This is further confirmed by the detection of Pdx1(+)/glucagon(+) cells and Pdx1(+)/somatostatin(+) cells following STZ treatment. Taken together, our study demonstrated adult α- and δ-cells could regenerate, and both self-duplication and regeneration from endocrine precursor cells were involved in their regeneration.
Publisher
Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subject
/ Animals
/ Biology
/ Cell Proliferation - drug effects
/ Diabetes
/ Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - metabolism
/ Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - pathology
/ Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
/ Genes
/ Glucagon
/ Glucagon-Secreting Cells - cytology
/ Glucagon-Secreting Cells - drug effects
/ Glucagon-Secreting Cells - metabolism
/ Glucose
/ Homeodomain Proteins - genetics
/ Hormones
/ Insulin
/ Insulin-Secreting Cells - drug effects
/ Islets of Langerhans - cytology
/ Islets of Langerhans - metabolism
/ Islets of Langerhans - pathology
/ Medicine
/ Mice
/ Pancreas
/ Rodents
/ Somatostatin-Secreting Cells - cytology
/ Somatostatin-Secreting Cells - drug effects
/ Somatostatin-Secreting Cells - metabolism
/ Studies
