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Structural basis of glycan specificity in neonate-specific bovine-human reassortant rotavirus
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Structural basis of glycan specificity in neonate-specific bovine-human reassortant rotavirus
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Journal Article
Structural basis of glycan specificity in neonate-specific bovine-human reassortant rotavirus
2015
Overview
Strain-dependent variation of glycan recognition during initial cell attachment of viruses is a critical determinant of host specificity, tissue-tropism and zoonosis. Rotaviruses (RVs), which cause life-threatening gastroenteritis in infants and children, display significant genotype-dependent variations in glycan recognition resulting from sequence alterations in the VP8* domain of the spike protein VP4. The structural basis of this genotype-dependent glycan specificity, particularly in human RVs, remains poorly understood. Here, from crystallographic studies, we show how genotypic variations configure a novel binding site in the VP8* of a neonate-specific bovine-human reassortant to uniquely recognize either type I or type II precursor glycans, and to restrict type II glycan binding in the bovine counterpart. Such a distinct glycan-binding site that allows differential recognition of the precursor glycans, which are developmentally regulated in the neonate gut and abundant in bovine and human milk provides a basis for age-restricted tropism and zoonotic transmission of G10P[11] rotaviruses.
Rotaviruses cause life-threatening gastroenteritis in children and have been shown to have variations in glycan recognition from genetic alterations. Here, the authors use X-ray crystallography to indicate that these alterations can change the specificity of the virus from cows to infant humans.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Pub. Group
Subject
/ 82
/ 82/80
/ 82/83
/ Animals
/ Cattle
/ Cattle Diseases - metabolism
/ Gastroenteritis - metabolism
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Humans
/ Polysaccharides - metabolism
/ Proteins
/ Reassortant Viruses - chemistry
/ Reassortant Viruses - genetics
/ Reassortant Viruses - metabolism
/ Receptors, Virus - chemistry
/ Receptors, Virus - metabolism
/ Rotavirus Infections - metabolism
/ Rotavirus Infections - veterinary
/ Rotavirus Infections - virology
/ Science
/ Vaccines
/ Viral Nonstructural Proteins - chemistry
/ Viral Nonstructural Proteins - genetics
/ Viral Nonstructural Proteins - metabolism
/ Viruses
/ Zoonoses
