Journal Article

Characterization of Protein Hydrolysates from Fish Discards and By-Products from the North-West Spain Fishing Fleet as Potential Sources of Bioactive Peptides

Mendes, Rogério, Pires, Carla, Henriques, Andreia, Vázquez, José A., Valcarcel, Jesus, Bandarra, Narcisa M.

2021

Overview

Fish discards and by-products can be transformed into high value-added products such as fish protein hydrolysates (FPH) containing bioactive peptides. Protein hydrolysates were prepared from different parts (whole fish, skin and head) of several discarded species of the North-West Spain fishing fleet using Alcalase. All hydrolysates had moisture and ash contents lower than 10% and 15%, respectively. The fat content of FPH varied between 1.5% and 9.4% and had high protein content (69.8–76.6%). The amino acids profiles of FPH are quite similar and the most abundant amino acids were glutamic and aspartic acids. All FPH exhibited antioxidant activity and those obtained from Atlantic horse mackerel heads presented the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, reducing power and Cu2+ chelating activity. On the other hand, hydrolysates from gurnard heads showed the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity and Fe2+ chelating activity. In what concerns the α-amylase inhibitory activity, the IC50 values recorded for FPH ranged between 5.70 and 84.37 mg/mL for blue whiting heads and whole Atlantic horse mackerel, respectively. α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity of FPH was relatively low but all FPH had high Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. Considering the biological activities, these FPH are potential natural additives for functional foods or nutraceuticals.

• Publisher: MDPI AG,MDPI
• Subject: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl / ACE inhibitory activity / Additives / Amino acids / Angiotensin / Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors - analysis / Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors - chemistry / Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors - isolation & purification / Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology / Animals / Antihypertensive Agents - analysis / Antihypertensive Agents - chemistry / Antihypertensive Agents - isolation & purification / Antihypertensive Agents - pharmacology / Antihypertensives / antioxidant activity / Antioxidants / Antioxidants - analysis / Antioxidants - chemistry / Antioxidants - isolation & purification / Antioxidants - pharmacology / bioactive peptides / Biological activity / Biological Products - analysis / Biological Products - chemistry / Biological Products - isolation & purification / Biological Products - pharmacology / Body condition / By products / Byproducts / Chelation / Commercial fishing / Copper / Diabetes / dietary supplements / Discards / Enzymes / Fe2+ chelating activity / Fish / Fish Proteins - analysis / Fish Proteins - chemistry / Fish Proteins - isolation & purification / Fish Proteins - pharmacology / Fisheries / Fishery products / Fishes / Fishing / Fishing fleets / Food additives / Functional foods & nutraceuticals / Glucosidase / Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors - analysis / Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors - chemistry / Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors - isolation & purification / Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors - pharmacology / head / Hydrolysates / Hypertension / Iron / Iron Chelating Agents - analysis / Iron Chelating Agents - chemistry / Iron Chelating Agents - isolation & purification / Iron Chelating Agents - pharmacology / lipid content / Mackerel / Marine fishes / Molecular Weight / Nutrient content / Peptides / Peptidyl-dipeptidase A / protein content / Protein Hydrolysates - analysis / Protein Hydrolysates - chemistry / Protein Hydrolysates - isolation & purification / Protein Hydrolysates - pharmacology / Proteins / radical scavenging activity / Scavenging / Spain / Subtilisin / Trachurus trachurus / value added / α-Amylase / α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities / α-Glucosidase