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Xenogeneic silencing strategies in bacteria are dictated by RNA polymerase promiscuity
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Xenogeneic silencing strategies in bacteria are dictated by RNA polymerase promiscuity
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Journal Article
Xenogeneic silencing strategies in bacteria are dictated by RNA polymerase promiscuity
2022
Overview
Horizontal gene transfer facilitates dissemination of favourable traits among bacteria. However, foreign DNA can also reduce host fitness: incoming sequences with a higher AT content than the host genome can misdirect transcription. Xenogeneic silencing proteins counteract this by modulating RNA polymerase binding. In this work, we compare xenogeneic silencing strategies of two distantly related model organisms:
Escherichia coli
and
Bacillus subtilis
. In
E. coli
, silencing is mediated by the H-NS protein that binds extensively across horizontally acquired genes. This prevents spurious non-coding transcription, mostly intragenic in origin. By contrast, binding of the
B. subtilis
Rok protein is more targeted and mostly silences expression of functional mRNAs. The difference reflects contrasting transcriptional promiscuity in
E. coli
and
B. subtilis
, largely attributable to housekeeping RNA polymerase σ factors. Thus, whilst RNA polymerase specificity is key to the xenogeneic silencing strategy of
B. subtilis
, transcriptional promiscuity must be overcome to silence horizontally acquired DNA in
E. coli
.
Bacteria use specific silencing proteins to prevent spurious transcription of horizontally acquired DNA. Here, Forrest et al. describe differences in silencing strategies between
E. coli
and
Bacillus subtilis
, driven by the respective specificities of the silencing protein and the RNA polymerase in each organism.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
/ 38/39
/ 38/44
/ 38/71
/ 38/90
/ 38/91
/ 45/29
/ Bacillus subtilis - genetics
/ Bacillus subtilis - metabolism
/ Bacteria
/ Bacterial Proteins - genetics
/ Bacterial Proteins - metabolism
/ Binding
/ DNA
/ DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases - genetics
/ DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases - metabolism
/ E coli
/ Escherichia coli - metabolism
/ Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
/ Genomes
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Proteins
/ RNA
/ Science
