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Dim artificial light at night alters gene expression rhythms and growth in a key seagrass species (Posidonia oceanica)
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Dim artificial light at night alters gene expression rhythms and growth in a key seagrass species (Posidonia oceanica)
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Journal Article
Dim artificial light at night alters gene expression rhythms and growth in a key seagrass species (Posidonia oceanica)
2023
Overview
Artificial light at night (ALAN) is a globally spreading anthropogenic stressor, affecting more than 20% of coastal habitats. The alteration of the natural light/darkness cycle is expected to impact the physiology of organisms by acting on the complex circuits termed as circadian rhythms. Our understanding of the impact of ALAN on marine organisms is lagging behind that of terrestrial ones, and effects on marine primary producers are almost unexplored. Here, we investigated the molecular and physiological response of the Mediterranean seagrass,
Posidonia oceanica
(L.) Delile, as model to evaluate the effect of ALAN on seagrass populations established in shallow waters, by taking advantage of a decreasing gradient of dim nocturnal light intensity (from < 0.01 to 4 lx) along the NW Mediterranean coastline. We first monitored the fluctuations of putative circadian-clock genes over a period of 24 h along the ALAN gradient. We then investigated whether key physiological processes, known to be synchronized with day length by the circadian rhythm, were also affected by ALAN. ALAN influenced the light signalling at dusk/night in
P. oceanica
, including that of shorter blue wavelengths, through the
ELF3
–
LUX1
–
ZTL
regulatory network
,
and suggested that the daily perturbation of internal clock orthologs in seagrass might have caused the recruitment of
PoSEND33
and
PoPSBS
genes to mitigate the repercussions of a nocturnal stress on photosynthesis during the day. A long-lasting impairment of gene fluctuations in sites characterised by ALAN could explain the reduced growth of the seagrass leaves when these were transferred into controlled conditions and without lighting during the night. Our results highlight the potential contribution of ALAN to the global loss of seagrass meadows, posing questions about key interactions with a variety of other human-related stressors in urban areas, in order to develop more efficient strategies to globally preserve these coastal foundation species.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
