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Neural dissociation of visual attention span and phonological deficits in developmental dyslexia: A hub‐based white matter network analysis
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Neural dissociation of visual attention span and phonological deficits in developmental dyslexia: A hub‐based white matter network analysis
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Neural dissociation of visual attention span and phonological deficits in developmental dyslexia: A hub‐based white matter network analysis
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Journal Article
Neural dissociation of visual attention span and phonological deficits in developmental dyslexia: A hub‐based white matter network analysis
2022
Overview
It has been suggested that developmental dyslexia may have two dissociable causes—a phonological deficit and a visual attention span (VAS) deficit. Yet, neural evidence for such a dissociation is still lacking. This study adopted a data‐driven approach to white matter network analysis to explore hubs and hub‐related networks corresponding to VAS and phonological accuracy in a group of French dyslexic children aged from 9 to 14 years. A double dissociation in brain‐behavior relations was observed. Structural connectivity of the occipital‐parietal network surrounding the left superior occipital gyrus hub accounted for individual differences in dyslexic children's VAS, but not in phonological processing accuracy. In contrast, structural connectivity of two networks: the temporal–parietal‐occipital network surrounding the left middle temporal gyrus hub and the frontal network surrounding the left medial orbital superior frontal gyrus hub, accounted for individual differences in dyslexic children's phonological processing accuracy, but not in VAS. Our findings provide evidence in favor of distinct neural circuits corresponding to VAS and phonological deficits in developmental dyslexia. The study points to connectivity‐constrained white matter subnetwork dysfunction as a key principle for understanding individual differences of cognitive deficits in developmental dyslexia. This study is taking seriously the possibility of multiple causes of dyslexia (phonological vs. visual‐attention span), and provides for the first‐time evidence that the two types of cognitive deficit in dyslexic children is associated with distinct white‐matter networks. It therefore provides a tentative correspondence between cognitive subtypes of dyslexia and neuroanatomical subtypes, thereby enhancing our comprehension of the relation between structure and function.
Publisher
John Wiley & Sons, Inc,Wiley
Subject
/ Analysis
/ Articulation disorders in children
/ Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
/ Brain
/ Child
/ Children
/ Circuits
/ Dyslexia
/ Dyslexia - diagnostic imaging
/ Frontal Lobe - diagnostic imaging
/ hub
/ Humans
/ Neurodevelopmental disorders
/ Reading
/ Time
