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Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Deficient in Autophagy Proteins Are Susceptible to Oxidative Injury and Mitochondrial Dysfunction
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Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Deficient in Autophagy Proteins Are Susceptible to Oxidative Injury and Mitochondrial Dysfunction
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Journal Article
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Deficient in Autophagy Proteins Are Susceptible to Oxidative Injury and Mitochondrial Dysfunction
2017
Overview
Oxidative stress resulting from inflammatory responses that occur during acute lung injury and sepsis can initiate changes in mitochondrial function. Autophagy regulates cellular processes in the setting of acute lung injury, sepsis, and oxidative stress by modulating the immune response and facilitating turnover of damaged cellular components. We have shown that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) improve survival in murine models of sepsis by also regulating the immune response. However, the effect of autophagy on MSCs and MSC mitochondrial function during oxidative stress is unknown. This study investigated the effect of depletion of autophagic protein microtubule–associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B) and beclin 1 (BECN1) on the response of MSCs to oxidative stress. MSCs were isolated from wild-type (WT) and LC3B−/− or Becn1+/− mice. MSCs from the LC3B−/− and Becn1+/− animals had increased susceptibility to oxidative stress–induced cell death as compared with WT MSCs. The MSCs depleted of autophagic proteins also had impaired mitochondrial function (decreased intracellular ATP, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production) under oxidative stress as compared with WT MSCs. In WT MSCs, carbon monoxide (CO) preconditioning enhanced autophagy and mitophagy, and rescued the cells from oxidative stress–induced death. CO preconditioning was not able to rescue the decreased survival of MSCs from the LC3B−/− and Becn1+/− animals, further supporting the tenet that CO exerts its cytoprotective effects via the autophagy pathway.
Publisher
Oxford University Press,American Thoracic Society
Subject
Adenosine Triphosphate - metabolism
/ Animals
/ Autophagy-Related Proteins - metabolism
/ Carbon Monoxide - pharmacology
/ Disease
/ DNA
/ Intracellular Space - metabolism
/ Lungs
/ Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial - drug effects
/ Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - drug effects
/ Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - metabolism
/ Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - pathology
/ Mice
/ Mitochondrial Degradation - drug effects
/ Oxidative Stress - drug effects
/ Proteins
/ Sepsis
/ Studies
