Journal Article

Evaluation of the Accuracy of Six Simple Screening Tools for Sarcopenia in Schizophrenic Patients

Chen, M., Chen, Xiaoyan, Li, Q., Zhu, T., Lei, X.

2022

Overview

Our objective was to evaluate if SARC-F, SARC-CalF, SARC-F-EBM, calf circumference (CC), mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC) and Ishii test can be used to accurately screen for sarcopenia in schizophrenic patients. We enrolled schizophrenic patients aged 50 or older, who were regularly taking antipsychotic medications, at two mental health centres. Bioimpedance-based muscle-mass was analysed with an InBody 770 instrument, while muscle strength was measured with a digital grip-strength dynamometer. The physical performance of the patients was gauged from their gait speed over 6 m. Standard AWGS2019 diagnostic criteria were used, and the accuracies of the six screening methods were indicated by the sensitivity, negative predictive value (NPV), and area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). A total of 339 stable schizophrenic patients were enrolled. The overall prevalence of sarcopenia was 53.1%, and the prevalence was 55.6% and 47.66%, respectively, for males and females. The prevalence of sarcopenia obesity in the total population was 16.22%, and that of males and females was 18.97% and 10.28%, respectively. The SARC-F, SARC-CalF, SARC-F-EBM, CC, MUAC and Ishii test sensitivity/NPV in screening for sarcopenia were 41.86%/0.52, 79.07%/0.7, 28.68%/0.51, 78.3%/0.71, 76.74%/0.7, 89.92%/0.84, respectively, in males and 45.1%/0.59, 94.12%/0.91, 54.9%/0.7, 92.16%/60.91, 74.51%/0.77, 96.08%/0.94, respectively, in females. In males, the AUCs of the SARC-F, SARC-CalF, SARC-F-EBM, CC, MUAC and Ishii test were 0.601 (95%CI, 0.528–0.673), 0.754 (95%CI,0.69–0.817), 0.657 (95%CI,0.588–0.727), 0.8 (95%CI, 0.744–0.856), 0.781 (95%CI, 0.721–0.84) and 0.88 (95%CI, 0.837–0.922), respectively, and in females, they were 0.587(95%CI,0.479–0.696), 0.794 (95%CI,0.709–0.878), 0.799 (95%CI,0.71–0.888), 0.893 (95%CI, 0.833–0.953), 0.843 (95%CI, 0.772–0.915) and 0.855 (95%CI, 0.784–0.926), respectively. The prevalence of sarcopenia in schizophrenic patients is high. Clinical doctors should screen for sarcopenia in schizophrenic patients and provide timely interventions to reduce the occurrence of adverse events. The above six tools can be used as screening tools, and the Ishii test is the most suitable for screening.

• Publisher: Elsevier Masson SAS,Springer Paris,Springer Nature B.V,Elsevier
• Subject: Aged / Aging / Body measurements / calf circumference / Female / gait / Geriatric Assessment - methods / Geriatrics/Gerontology / Humans / Ishii test / Male / Mass Screening - methods / Medical screening / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / mental health / MUAC / Muscle Strength / Neurosciences / Nutrition / obesity / Older people / Original Research / physical activity / Physical Functional Performance / Primary Care Medicine / Psychotropic drugs / Quality of Life Research / SARC-F / SARC-F-EBM / Sarcopenia / Sarcopenia - diagnosis / Sarcopenia - epidemiology / Sarcopenia - etiology / Schizophrenia / Schizophrenia - complications / Schizophrenic / Surveys and Questionnaires