Journal Article

Oral Manifestations Associated with HIV/AIDS Patients

Martínez-Salazar, Silvia Yolanda, Andrade-Villanueva, Jaime Federico, Ruiz-Anaya, Antonio de Jesús, Lomelí-Martínez, Manuel Arturo, Lomelí-Martínez, Sarah Monserrat, Varela-Hernández, Juan José, Mercado González, Ana Esther, González-Hernández, Luz Alicia

2022

Overview

Oral manifestations are early and important clinical indicators of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection since they can occur in up to 50% of HIV-infected patients and in up to 80% of patients at the AIDS stage (<200 CD4+ T lymphocytes). Oral health is related to physical and mental well-being because the presence of some lesions can compromise dental aesthetics, and alter speech, chewing, and swallowing, thus impacting the quality of life of patients. For this reason, it is necessary to integrate, as part of the medical treatment of HIV-positive patients, the prevention, diagnosis, and control of oral health. It is essential that health professionals have the power to identify, diagnose, and treat oral pathologies through clinical characteristics, etiological agents, and risk factors, both local and systemic. A diagnosis at an early stage of injury allows optimizing and prioritizing oral treatments, especially in acute pathologies, such as gingivitis and necrotizing periodontitis. In this group of patients, the development of strategies for the prevention, control, and reduction of these pathologies must be prioritized in order to reduce morbidity and mortality in this group of patients.

• Publisher: MDPI AG,MDPI
• Subject: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome / AIDS / Bacteria / Bacterial infections / Biofilms / Care and treatment / Diagnosis / Disease / Erythema / Health aspects / HIV / HIV Infections - complications / HIV Infections - diagnosis / HIV patients / Hospitals / Human immunodeficiency virus / Humans / Immunosuppression / Infections / Inflammation / Keratin / Lymphocyte Count / Lymphocytes / Malnutrition / Microorganisms / Mortality / Oral Health / Oral hygiene / oral manifestations / Oral manifestations of general diseases / Pathogens / Patient outcomes / Periodontitis - complications / Quality of Life / Review / Teeth / Ulcers / Well being