Journal Article

Regional pulse wave velocities and their cardiovascular risk factors among healthy middle-aged men: a cross-sectional population-based study

Evans, Rhobert W, Barinas-Mitchell, Emma, Kuller, Lewis H, Sutton-Tyrrell, Kim, Miura, Katsuyuki, Lee, Sunghee, Ueshima, Hirotsugu, Shin, Chol, Sekikawa, Akira, Masaki, Kamal, Willcox, Bradley J, Venkitachalam, Lakshmi, Mackey, Rachel H, Choo, Jina, Seto, Todd B

2014

Overview

Background Both carotid-femoral ( cf ) pulse wave velocity (PWV) and brachial-ankle ( ba) PWV employ arterial sites that are not consistent with the path of blood flow. Few previous studies have reported the differential characteristics between cf PWV and ba PWV by simultaneously comparing these with measures of pure central (aorta) and peripheral (leg) arterial stiffness, i.e., heart-femoral ( hf) PWV and femoral-ankle ( fa ) PWV in healthy populations. We aimed to identify the degree to which these commonly used measures of cf PWV and ba PWV correlate with hf PWV and fa PWV, respectively, and to evaluate whether both cf PWV and ba PWV are consistent with either hf PWV or fa PWV in their associations with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. Methods A population-based sample of healthy 784 men aged 40–49 (202 white Americans, 68 African Americans, 202 Japanese-Americans, and 282 Koreans) was examined in this cross-sectional study. Four regional PWVs were simultaneously measured by an automated tonometry/plethysmography system. Results cf PWV correlated strongly with hf PWV (r = .81, P  < .001), but weakly with fa PWV (r = .12, P  = .001). ba PWV correlated moderately with both hf PWV (r = .47, P  < .001) and fa PWV (r = .62, P  < .001). After stepwise regression analyses with adjustments for race, cf PWV shared common significant correlates with both hf PWV and fa PWV: systolic blood pressure (BP) and body mass index (BMI). However, BMI was positively associated with hf PWV and cf PWV, and negatively associated with fa PWV. ba PWV shared common significant correlates with hf PWV: age and systolic BP. ba PWV also shared the following correlates with fa PWV: systolic BP, triglycerides, and current smoking. Conclusions Among healthy men aged 40 – 49, cf PWV correlated strongly with central PWV, and ba PWV correlated with both central and peripheral PWVs. Of the CV risk factors, systolic BP was uniformly associated with all the regional PWVs. In the associations with factors other than systolic BP, cf PWV was consistent with central PWV, while ba PWV was consistent with both central and peripheral PWVs.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: Adult / African Americans / Age / Age Factors / Aging / Angiology / Ankle / Ankle Brachial Index / Aorta - physiopathology / Arteries - physiopathology / Asian Americans / Asian Continental Ancestry Group / Blood Transfusion Medicine / Body Mass Index / Brachial Artery - physiopathology / Cardiac Surgery / Cardiology / Cardiovascular disease / Cardiovascular diseases / Cardiovascular Diseases - diagnosis / Cardiovascular Diseases - ethnology / Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology / Care and treatment / Carotid Arteries - physiopathology / Coronary vessels / Cross-Sectional Studies / Epidemiology / European Continental Ancestry Group / Femoral Artery - physiopathology / Hawaii - epidemiology / Health aspects / Health care / Healthy Volunteers / Humans / Hypertension / Internal Medicine / Japanese Americans / Male / Manometry / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Mens health / Middle Aged / Mortality / Multivariate Analysis / Pennsylvania - epidemiology / Plethysmography / Population / Predictive Value of Tests / Pulse Wave Analysis / Republic of Korea - epidemiology / Research Article / Risk Factors / Science / Sex Factors / Studies / Vascular Stiffness / Veins & arteries