Journal Article

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Humoral and Cellular Immunity in a Cohort of Vaccinated Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Mosquera, María M., Pascal, Mariona, Escobedo, Miguel, Vilella, Anna, Arias-Cabrales, Carlos, Egri, Natalia, Crespo, Marta, Ayala-Borges, Bernardo, Herrera, Sabina, Bodro, Marta, Farrero, Marta, Colmenero, Jordi, Mirabet, Sonia, Palou, Eduard

2023

Overview

The aim of the present study was to determine humoral and T-cell responses after four doses of mRNA-1273 vaccine in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, and to study predictors of immunogenicity, including the role of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunity. Secondarily, safety was also assessed. Liver, heart, and kidney transplant recipients eligible for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination from three different institutions in Barcelona, Spain were included. IgM/IgG antibodies and T cell ELISpot against the S protein four weeks after receiving four consecutive booster doses of the vaccine were analyzed. One hundred and forty-three SOT recipients were included (41% liver, 38% heart, and 21% kidney). The median time from transplantation to vaccination was 6.6 years (SD 7.4). In total, 93% of the patients developed SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG antibodies and 94% S-ELISpot positivity. In total, 97% of recipients developed either humoral or cellular response (100% of liver recipients, 95% of heart recipients, and 88% of kidney recipients). Hypogammaglobulinemia was associated with the absence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM antibodies and S-ELISpot reactivity after vaccination, whereas past symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM antibodies and S-ELISpot reactivity. Local and systemic side effects were generally mild or moderate, and no recipients experienced the development of de novo DSA or graft dysfunction following vaccination.

• Publisher: MDPI AG,MDPI
• Subject: Analysis / Antibodies / Cell-mediated immunity / cellular / Cellular immunity / COVID-19 / COVID-19 vaccines / Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay / Evaluation / Heart / Heart transplantation / Humoral immunity / Hypogammaglobulinemia / immunity / Immunogenicity / Immunoglobulin G / Immunoglobulin M / Infections / Kidney transplantation / Kidney transplants / Kidneys / Liver / Liver transplantation / Lymphocytes / Lymphocytes T / mRNA / Organ transplant recipients / Pandemics / Patients / Proteins / Response rates / Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 / Side effects / solid organ transplant recipients / Transplantation / vaccination / Vaccines