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Antigen-Specific Treg Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes – Challenges and Opportunities
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Antigen-Specific Treg Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes – Challenges and Opportunities
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Journal Article
Antigen-Specific Treg Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes – Challenges and Opportunities
2021
Overview
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are key mediators of peripheral self-tolerance and alterations in their frequencies, stability, and function have been linked to autoimmunity. The antigen-specific induction of Tregs is a long-envisioned goal for the treatment of autoimmune diseases given reduced side effects compared to general immunosuppressive therapies. However, the translation of antigen-specific Treg inducing therapies for the treatment or prevention of autoimmune diseases into the clinic remains challenging. In this mini review, we will discuss promising results for antigen-specific Treg therapies in allergy and specific challenges for such therapies in autoimmune diseases, with a focus on type 1 diabetes (T1D). We will furthermore discuss opportunities for antigen-specific Treg therapies in T1D, including combinatorial strategies and tissue-specific Treg targeting. Specifically, we will highlight recent advances in miRNA-targeting as a means to foster Tregs in autoimmunity. Additionally, we will discuss advances and perspectives of computational strategies for the detailed analysis of tissue-specific Tregs on the single-cell level.
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA,Frontiers Media S.A
Subject
/ Animals
/ antigen-specific Treg therapy
/ Antigens
/ Diabetes
/ Diabetes mellitus (insulin dependent)
/ Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - immunology
/ Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - therapy
/ Disease
/ Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte - immunology
/ Humans
/ Immunotherapy, Adoptive - methods
/ Insulin
/ miRNA
/ Mutation
/ Organ Specificity - immunology
/ single-cell multi-omics integration
/ T-Cell Antigen Receptor Specificity - immunology
/ T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology
/ T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - metabolism
/ T1D
