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Estimating spatio-temporal distributions of mosquito breeding pools in irrigated agricultural schemes: a case study at the Bwanje Valley Irrigation Scheme
by
Frake, April N
, Walker, Edward D
, Messina, Joseph P
, Namaona, Willy
in
Aggregation
/ Agricultural production
/ Agriculture
/ Animal life cycles
/ Anopheles
/ Anthropogenic factors
/ Aquatic insects
/ Breeding
/ Canals
/ Case studies
/ Causes of
/ Classification
/ Contracts
/ Cooperation
/ Crop diseases
/ Crops
/ Culicidae
/ Drainage
/ Dry season
/ Economic growth
/ Environmental aspects
/ Farmers
/ Food security
/ Geography
/ Health risks
/ Human diseases
/ Influence
/ Insects as carriers of disease
/ Irrigation
/ Irrigation canals and flumes
/ Irrigation scheduling
/ Land use
/ Landscape
/ Malaria
/ Management
/ Methods
/ Mosquitoes
/ Pools
/ Proliferation
/ Rainy season
/ Resource availability
/ Seasons
/ Soil
/ Soils
/ Spatial distribution
/ Spatio-temporal modeling
/ Surface water
/ Temporal distribution
/ Vector-borne diseases
/ Vectors
/ Water content
/ Water resources
/ Water resources management
/ Wet season
2020
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Estimating spatio-temporal distributions of mosquito breeding pools in irrigated agricultural schemes: a case study at the Bwanje Valley Irrigation Scheme
by
Frake, April N
, Walker, Edward D
, Messina, Joseph P
, Namaona, Willy
in
Aggregation
/ Agricultural production
/ Agriculture
/ Animal life cycles
/ Anopheles
/ Anthropogenic factors
/ Aquatic insects
/ Breeding
/ Canals
/ Case studies
/ Causes of
/ Classification
/ Contracts
/ Cooperation
/ Crop diseases
/ Crops
/ Culicidae
/ Drainage
/ Dry season
/ Economic growth
/ Environmental aspects
/ Farmers
/ Food security
/ Geography
/ Health risks
/ Human diseases
/ Influence
/ Insects as carriers of disease
/ Irrigation
/ Irrigation canals and flumes
/ Irrigation scheduling
/ Land use
/ Landscape
/ Malaria
/ Management
/ Methods
/ Mosquitoes
/ Pools
/ Proliferation
/ Rainy season
/ Resource availability
/ Seasons
/ Soil
/ Soils
/ Spatial distribution
/ Spatio-temporal modeling
/ Surface water
/ Temporal distribution
/ Vector-borne diseases
/ Vectors
/ Water content
/ Water resources
/ Water resources management
/ Wet season
2020
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Estimating spatio-temporal distributions of mosquito breeding pools in irrigated agricultural schemes: a case study at the Bwanje Valley Irrigation Scheme
by
Frake, April N
, Walker, Edward D
, Messina, Joseph P
, Namaona, Willy
in
Aggregation
/ Agricultural production
/ Agriculture
/ Animal life cycles
/ Anopheles
/ Anthropogenic factors
/ Aquatic insects
/ Breeding
/ Canals
/ Case studies
/ Causes of
/ Classification
/ Contracts
/ Cooperation
/ Crop diseases
/ Crops
/ Culicidae
/ Drainage
/ Dry season
/ Economic growth
/ Environmental aspects
/ Farmers
/ Food security
/ Geography
/ Health risks
/ Human diseases
/ Influence
/ Insects as carriers of disease
/ Irrigation
/ Irrigation canals and flumes
/ Irrigation scheduling
/ Land use
/ Landscape
/ Malaria
/ Management
/ Methods
/ Mosquitoes
/ Pools
/ Proliferation
/ Rainy season
/ Resource availability
/ Seasons
/ Soil
/ Soils
/ Spatial distribution
/ Spatio-temporal modeling
/ Surface water
/ Temporal distribution
/ Vector-borne diseases
/ Vectors
/ Water content
/ Water resources
/ Water resources management
/ Wet season
2020
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Estimating spatio-temporal distributions of mosquito breeding pools in irrigated agricultural schemes: a case study at the Bwanje Valley Irrigation Scheme
Journal Article
Estimating spatio-temporal distributions of mosquito breeding pools in irrigated agricultural schemes: a case study at the Bwanje Valley Irrigation Scheme
2020
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Overview
The association between irrigation and the proliferation of adult mosquitoes including malaria vectors is well known; however, irrigation schemes are treated as homogenous spatio-temporal units, with little consideration for how larval breeding varies across space and time. The objective of this study was to estimate the spatio-temporal distribution of pools of water facilitating breeding at the Bwanje Valley Irrigation Scheme (BVIS) in Malawi, Africa as a function of environmental and anthropogenic characteristics.
Irrigation structure and land cover were quantified during the dry and rainy seasons of 2016 and 2017, respectively. These data were combined with soil type, irrigation scheduling, drainage, and maintenance to model suitability for mosquito breeding across the landscape under three scenarios: rainy season, dry season with limited water resources, and a dry season with abundant water resources.
Results demonstrate seasonal, asymmetrical breeding potential and areas of maximum breeding potential as a function of environmental characteristics and anthropogenic influence in each scenario. The highest percentage of suitable area for breeding occurs during the rainy season; however, findings show that it is not merely the amount of water in an irrigated landscape, but the management of water resources that determines the aggregation of water bodies. In each scenario, timing and direction of irrigation along with inefficient drainage render the westernmost portion of BVIS the area of highest breeding opportunity, which expands and contracts seasonally in response to water resource availability and management decisions.
Changes in the geography of breeding potential across irrigated spaces can have profound effects on the distribution of malaria risk for those living in close proximity to irrigated agricultural schemes. The methods presented are generalizable across geographies for estimating spatio-temporal distributions of breeding risk for mosquitoes in irrigated schemes, presenting an opportunity for greater geographically targeted strategies for management.
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