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Rate and Extent of Recovery from Reproductive and Cardiac Dysfunction Due to Androgen Abuse in Men
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Rate and Extent of Recovery from Reproductive and Cardiac Dysfunction Due to Androgen Abuse in Men
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Journal Article
Rate and Extent of Recovery from Reproductive and Cardiac Dysfunction Due to Androgen Abuse in Men
2020
Overview
Abstract
Context
Androgen abuse impairs male reproductive and cardiac function, but the rate, extent, and determinants of recovery are not understood.
Objective
To investigate recovery of male reproductive and cardiac function after ceasing androgen intake in current and past androgen abusers compared with healthy non-users.
Methods
Cross-sectional, observational study recruited via social media 41 current and 31 past users (≥3 months since last use, median 300 days since last use) with 21 healthy, eugonadal non-users. Each provided a history, examination, and serum and semen sample and underwent testicular ultrasound, body composition analysis, and cardiac function evaluation.
Results
Current abusers had suppressed reproductive function and impaired cardiac systolic function and lipoprotein parameters compared with non- or past users. Past users did not differ from non-users, suggesting full recovery of suppressed reproductive and cardiac functions after ceasing androgen abuse, other than residual reduced testicular volume. Mean time to recovery was faster for reproductive hormones (anti-Mullerian hormone [AMH], 7.3 months; luteinizing hormone [LH], 10.7 months) than for sperm variables (output, 14.1 months) whereas spermatogenesis (serum follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH], inhibin B, inhibin) took longer. The duration of androgen abuse was the only other variable associated with slower recovery of sperm output (but not hormones).
Conclusion
Suppressed testicular and cardiac function due to androgen abuse is effectively fully reversible (apart from testis volume and serum sex hormone binding globulin) with recovery taking between 6 to 18 months after ceasing androgen intake with possible cumulative effects on spermatogenesis. Suppressed serum AMH, LH, and FSH represent convenient, useful, and underutilized markers of recovery from androgen abuse.
Publisher
Oxford University Press,Copyright Oxford University Press
Subject
/ Adult
/ Androgens - administration & dosage
/ Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
/ Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions - etiology
/ Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions - pathology
/ Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions - prevention & control
/ Follicle-stimulating hormone
/ Heart Diseases - chemically induced
/ Heart Diseases - prevention & control
/ Hormones
/ Humans
/ Infertility, Male - chemically induced
/ Infertility, Male - pathology
/ Infertility, Male - prevention & control
/ Inhibin
/ Male
/ Sperm
/ Testes
