Journal Article

A calmodulin-like protein regulates plasmodesmal closure during bacterial immune responses

Bo Xu, David Chiasson, Tjelvar S. G. Olsson, Cécilia Cheval, Ken Shirasu, Christine Faulkner, Anuphon Laohavisit, Bradleigh Hocking, Matthew Gilliham

2017

Overview

Plants sense microbial signatures via activation of pattern recognition receptors (PPRs), which trigger a range of cellular defences. One response is the closure of plasmodesmata,which reduces symplastic connectivity and the capacity for direct molecular exchange between host cells. Plasmodesmal flux is regulated by a variety of environmental cues but the downstream signalling pathways are poorly defined, especially the way in which calcium regulates plasmodesmal closure. Here, we identify that closure of plasmodesmata in response to bacterial flagellin, but not fungal chitin, is mediated by a plasmodesmal-localized Ca2+-binding protein Calmodulin-like 41 (CML41). CML41 is transcriptionally upregulated by flg22 and facilitates rapid callose deposition at plasmodesmata following flg22 treatment. CML41 acts independently of other defence responses triggered by flg22 perception and reduces bacterial infection. We propose that CML41 enables Ca2+-signalling specificity during bacterial pathogen attack and is required for a complete defence response against Pseudomonas syringae.

• Publisher: New Phytologist Trust,Wiley Subscription Services, Inc,John Wiley and Sons Inc
• Subject: Activation / Arabidopsis - immunology / Arabidopsis - metabolism / Arabidopsis - microbiology / Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism / Arabidopsis Proteins - physiology / At3g50770 / Bacteria / Bacterial diseases / bacterial infections / Bacterial Proteins - immunology / biotic stress / Calcium / Calcium Signaling / Calcium signalling / Calcium-binding protein / Calcium-Binding Proteins - metabolism / Calcium-Binding Proteins - physiology / callose / Calmodulin / Calmodulin - metabolism / Calmodulin - physiology / Capacity / Cells / cell‐to‐cell communication / Chitin / Cloning, Molecular / Cues / Deposition / electrophoresis mobility shift / Exchanging / Flagellin / Flagellin - immunology / Flux / Fungi / Immune response / maltose‐binding protein / Microorganisms / pathogens / pathogen‐associated molecular pattern (PAMP) / Pattern recognition / Pattern recognition receptors / Perception / Plasmodesmata / Plasmodesmata - metabolism / Plasmodesmata - physiology / Proteins / Pseudomonas / Pseudomonas syringae / Rapid Report / Receptors / Receptors, Pattern Recognition - metabolism / Receptors, Pattern Recognition - physiology / Signal transduction / Signatures / Specificity / Transcription / transcription (genetics)