Journal Article

Community-Based Lifestyle Interventions to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes

Michele Volansky, Barbara A. Bowman, Ed W. Gregg, Frank Vinicor, Jeannette May, Michael M. Engelgau, Gwen M. Hosey, Dawn W. Satterfield, Carl J. Caspersen, Linda S. Geiss

2003

Overview

Community-Based Lifestyle Interventions to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes Dawn W. Satterfield , RN, PHD, CDE 1 , Michele Volansky , MPH 2 , Carl J. Caspersen , PHD, MPH 1 , Michael M. Engelgau , MD 1 , Barbara A. Bowman , PHD 1 , Ed W. Gregg , PHD 1 , Linda S. Geiss , MA 1 , Gwen M. Hosey , RNP, MSN, CDE 1 , Jeannette May , MPH 1 and Frank Vinicor , MD, MPH 1 1 Division of Diabetes Translation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 2 Westat, Atlanta, Georgia Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dawn Satterfield, RN, PhD, CDE, CDC Division of Diabetes Translation, 2858 Woodcock Blvd., Davidson Building, Rm. 1028, Atlanta, GA 30341-4002. E-mail: dxs9{at}cdc.gov Abstract OBJECTIVE —To conduct a literature review of community-based interventions intended to prevent or delay type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS —Recently published findings about the potential to prevent or delay type 2 diabetes with intensive lifestyle interventions prompted a literature search for community-based diabetes prevention interventions. The literature review design was a search of databases for publications in 1990–2001 that identified reports on community-based interventions designed to prevent or modify risk factors for type 2 diabetes. RESULTS —The search revealed 16 published interventions, 8 of which were conducted in the U.S. and involved populations disproportionately burdened by diabetes (e.g., American Indians, Native Hawaiians, Mexican Americans, and African Americans). Of the studies reporting results among youth, there were posttest improvements in intervention groups in knowledge, preventive behaviors, and self-esteem. Among studies reporting results among adults, most reported improvements in intervention groups in knowledge or adoption of regular physical activity. Several investigators offered important reflections about the process of engaging communities and sharing decision making in participatory research approaches, as well as insights about the expectations and limitations of community-based diabetes prevention research. Many of the studies reported limitations in their design, including the lack of control or comparison groups, low response rates or lack of information on nonresponders, or brief intervention periods. CONCLUSIONS —There is a critical need to conduct and publish reports on well-designed community-based diabetes prevention research and share information on the process, results, and lessons learned. Armed with recent positive findings about diabetes prevention and literature documenting community-based efforts, advocates at local, state, and national levels can collaborate to stem the rising tide of diabetes in communities. BIA, bioelectrical impedance analysis IGT, impaired glucose tolerance Footnotes A table elsewhere in this issue shows conventional and Système International (SI) units and conversion factors for many substances. Accepted May 11, 2003. Received October 14, 2002. DIABETES CARE

• Publisher: American Diabetes Association
• Subject: Biological and medical sciences / Children / Community service / Continental Population Groups / Diabetes / Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology / Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - prevention & control / Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance / Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases) / Endocrinopathies / Ethnic Groups / Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance / Health aspects / Humans / Life Style / Medical sciences / Medicine, Preventive / Prevalence / Prevention / Prevention and actions / Preventive health services / Preventive health services for children / Preventive medicine / Public health. Hygiene / Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine / Specific populations (family, woman, child, elderly...) / Treatment Outcome / Type 2 diabetes / United States - epidemiology