Journal Article

Adaptive introgression as a driver of local adaptation to climate in European white oaks

Lalanne, Céline, Louvet, Jean-Marc, Le Provost, Grégoire, Kremer, Antoine, Plomion, Christophe, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo) ; Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE) ; Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) ; Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Leroy, Thibault, Delzon, Sylvain, Aury, Jean-Marc, ANR-14-CE02-0002,BirdIslandGenomic,Influence de la taille des populations sur l'évolution du génome: le cas des Oiseaux endémiques de l'île de La Réunion, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et

2020

Overview

Latitudinal and elevational gradients provide valuable experimental settings for studies of the potential impact of global warming on forest tree species. The availability of long-term phenological surveys in common garden experiments for traits associated with climate, such as bud flushing for sessile oaks (Quercus petraea), provide an ideal opportunity to investigate this impact. We sequenced 18 sessile oak populations and used available sequencing data for three other closely related European white oak species (Quercus pyrenaica, Quercus pubescens, and Quercus robur) to explore the evolutionary processes responsible for shaping the genetic variation across latitudinal and elevational gradients in extant sessile oaks. We used phenotypic surveys in common garden experiments and climatic data for the population of origin to perform genome-wide scans for population differentiation and genotype-environment and genotype-phenotype associations. The inferred historical relationships between Q. petraea populations suggest that interspecific gene flow occurred between Q. robur and Q. petraea populations from cooler or wetter areas. A genome-wide scan of differentiation between Q. petraea populations identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) displaying strong interspecific relative divergence between these two species. These SNPs followed genetic clines along climatic or phenotypic gradients, providing further support for the likely contribution of introgression to the adaptive divergence of Q. petraea populations. Overall, the results indicate that outliers and associated SNPs are Q. robur ancestry-informative. We discuss the results of this study in the framework of the postglacial colonization scenario, in which introgression and diversifying selection have been proposed as essential drivers of Q. petraea microevolution.

• Publisher: Wiley,CCSD,Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subject: Adaptation / Adaptation, Physiological - genetics / adaptive radiation / Biological Evolution / climate / Climate adaptation / Climate change / Climatic data / Clines / Colonization / Differentiation / Divergence / forest trees / Gardens & gardening / Gene Flow / genetic clines / Genetic diversity / genetic variation / genome scans / Genomes / Genotype / genotype-environment interaction / genotype-phenotype correlation / Genotypes / genotype–environment associations / Global warming / Gradients / Interspecific / interspecific gene flow / Introgression / Life Sciences / local adaptation / Nucleotides / Outliers (statistics) / phenology / phenotype / Phenotypes / Plant species / Polls & surveys / Population differentiation / Populations / Quercus - genetics / Quercus alba / Quercus petraea / Quercus pubescens / Quercus pyrenaica / Quercus robur / Single-nucleotide polymorphism / Species / Surveys
• ISBN: 0004875000000