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Non-polar ether-based electrolyte solutions for stable high-voltage non-aqueous lithium metal batteries
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Non-polar ether-based electrolyte solutions for stable high-voltage non-aqueous lithium metal batteries
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Journal Article
Non-polar ether-based electrolyte solutions for stable high-voltage non-aqueous lithium metal batteries
2023
Overview
The electrochemical instability of ether-based electrolyte solutions hinders their practical applications in high-voltage Li metal batteries. To circumvent this issue, here, we propose a dilution strategy to lose the Li
+
/solvent interaction and use the dilute non-aqueous electrolyte solution in high-voltage lithium metal batteries. We demonstrate that in a non-polar dipropyl ether (DPE)-based electrolyte solution with lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide salt, the decomposition order of solvated species can be adjusted to promote the Li
+
/salt-derived anion clusters decomposition over free ether solvent molecules. This selective mechanism favors the formation of a robust cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) and a solvent-deficient electric double-layer structure at the positive electrode interface. When the DPE-based electrolyte is tested in combination with a Li metal negative electrode (50 μm thick) and a LiNi
0.8
Co
0.1
Mn
0.1
O
2
-based positive electrode (3.3 mAh/cm
2
) in pouch cell configuration at 25 °C, a specific discharge capacity retention of about 74% after 150 cycles (0.33 and 1 mA/cm
2
charge and discharge, respectively) is obtained.
Ether solvents have poor anodic stabilities in lithium metal batteries. Here, the authors propose a non-aqueous electrolyte solution with a non-polar and non-fluorinated ether solvent. The electrolyte enables stable cycling of high-voltage Li metal batteries in pouch cell configuration.
