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Strategies of functionalized GelMA-based bioinks for bone regeneration: Recent advances and future perspectives
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Strategies of functionalized GelMA-based bioinks for bone regeneration: Recent advances and future perspectives
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Journal Article
Strategies of functionalized GelMA-based bioinks for bone regeneration: Recent advances and future perspectives
2024
Overview
Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels is a widely used bioink because of its good biological properties and tunable physicochemical properties, which has been widely used in a variety of tissue engineering and tissue regeneration. However, pure GelMA is limited by the weak mechanical strength and the lack of continuous osteogenic induction environment, which is difficult to meet the needs of bone repair. Moreover, GelMA hydrogels are unable to respond to complex stimuli and therefore are unable to adapt to physiological and pathological microenvironments. This review focused on the functionalization strategies of GelMA hydrogel based bioinks for bone regeneration. The synthesis process of GelMA hydrogel was described in details, and various functional methods to meet the requirements of bone regeneration, including mechanical strength, porosity, vascularization, osteogenic differentiation, and immunoregulation for patient specific repair, etc. In addition, the response strategies of smart GelMA-based bioinks to external physical stimulation and internal pathological microenvironment stimulation, as well as the functionalization strategies of GelMA hydrogel to achieve both disease treatment and bone regeneration in the presence of various common diseases (such as inflammation, infection, tumor) are also briefly reviewed. Finally, we emphasized the current challenges and possible exploration directions of GelMA-based bioinks for bone regeneration.
This paper summarized the strategies for functionalization of GelMA-based bioinks, including property enhancement, stimulus response and adaptation to specific pathological microenvironments. [Display omitted]
•The functionalization strategy of GelMA based bioink for bone tissue engineering was summarized.•The response strategies of GelMA to external physical stimulation and internal pathological microenvironment.•Major challenges and exploration directions of GelMA for bone regeneration.
