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Caffeine Therapy for Apnea of Prematurity
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Journal Article
Caffeine Therapy for Apnea of Prematurity
2006
Overview
In infants with very low birth weight who have apnea of prematurity, caffeine therapy reduced the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia assessed at 36 weeks of postmenstrual age. Caffeine temporarily reduced weight gain; it did not affect the rates of death, ultrasonographic signs of brain injury, or necrotizing enterocolitis. These short-term data demonstrate an important benefit of caffeine therapy in this population, but a definitive assessment of its benefits and risks awaits results of long-term follow-up of this cohort.
In infants with very low birth weight who have apnea of prematurity, caffeine therapy reduced the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Caffeine temporarily reduced weight gain; it did not affect the rates of death.
Apnea of prematurity — defined as cessation of breathing that lasts for more than 15 seconds and is accompanied by hypoxia or bradycardia — occurs in at least 85 percent of infants who are born at less than 34 weeks of gestation.
1
Widely used treatments include the application of continuous positive airway pressure and the prescription of a methylxanthine.
2
The methylxanthines — aminophylline, theophylline, and caffeine — reduce the frequency of apnea and the need for mechanical ventilation during the first seven days of therapy.
3
However, it has remained uncertain whether methylxanthines have any additional short- and long-term benefits or . . .
Publisher
Massachusetts Medical Society
Subject
/ Babies
/ Biological and medical sciences
/ Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia - prevention & control
/ Central Nervous System Stimulants - pharmacology
/ Central Nervous System Stimulants - therapeutic use
/ Female
/ Humans
/ Hypoxia
/ Infant, Premature, Diseases - drug therapy
/ Infant, Very Low Birth Weight
/ Male
