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Biological basis of critical illness subclasses: from the bedside to the bench and back again
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Biological basis of critical illness subclasses: from the bedside to the bench and back again
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Journal Article
Biological basis of critical illness subclasses: from the bedside to the bench and back again
2024
Overview
Critical illness syndromes including sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and acute kidney injury (AKI) are associated with high in-hospital mortality and long-term adverse health outcomes among survivors. Despite advancements in care, clinical and biological heterogeneity among patients continues to hamper identification of efficacious therapies. Precision medicine offers hope by identifying patient subclasses based on clinical, laboratory, biomarker and ‘omic’ data and potentially facilitating better alignment of interventions. Within the previous two decades, numerous studies have made strides in identifying gene-expression based endotypes and clinico-biomarker based phenotypes among critically ill patients associated with differential outcomes and responses to treatment. In this state-of-the-art review, we summarize the biological similarities and differences across the various subclassification schemes among critically ill patients. In addition, we highlight current translational gaps, the need for advanced scientific tools, human-relevant disease models, to gain a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying critical illness subclasses.
Graphical abstract
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V
Subject
Acute Kidney Injury - classification
/ Acute Kidney Injury - physiopathology
/ Acute Kidney Injury - therapy
/ Acute respiratory distress syndrome
/ Adults
/ Antigens
/ Critical Illness - classification
/ Genes
/ Humans
/ Medicine
/ Patients
/ Personalized medicine in the ICU
/ Precision Medicine - methods
/ Respiratory Distress Syndrome - classification
/ Respiratory Distress Syndrome - physiopathology
/ Respiratory Distress Syndrome - therapy
/ Review
/ Sepsis
/ Steroids
