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Journal Article
The oceanic cycle of carbon monoxide and its emissions to the atmosphere
2019
Overview
The ocean is a source of atmospheric carbon monoxide (CO), a key
component for the oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere. It constitutes a
minor source at the global scale, but could play an important role far from
continental anthropized emission zones. To date, this natural source is
estimated with large uncertainties, especially because the processes driving
the oceanic CO are related to the biological productivity and can thus have a
large spatial and temporal variability. Here we use the NEMO-PISCES (Nucleus
for European Modelling of the Ocean, Pelagic Interaction Scheme for Carbon
and Ecosystem Studies) ocean general circulation and biogeochemistry model to
dynamically assess the oceanic CO budget and its emission to the atmosphere
at the global scale. The main biochemical sources and sinks of oceanic CO are
explicitly represented in the model. The sensitivity to
different parameterizations is assessed. In combination to the model, we
present here the first compilation of literature reported in situ oceanic CO
data, collected around the world during the last 50 years. The main processes
driving the CO concentration are photoproduction and bacterial consumption
and are estimated to be 19.1 and 30.0 Tg C yr−1 respectively with our
best-guess modeling setup. There are, however, very large uncertainties on
their respective magnitude. Despite the scarcity of the in situ CO
measurements in terms of spatiotemporal coverage, the proposed best
simulation is able to represent most of the data (∼300 points) within a
factor of 2. Overall, the global emissions of CO to the atmosphere
are 4.0 Tg C yr−1, in the range of recent estimates, but are very
different from those published by Erickson in (1989), which were the only
gridded global emission available to date. These oceanic CO emission
maps are relevant for use by atmospheric chemical models, especially to study
the oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere above the remote ocean.
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH,European Geosciences Union,Copernicus Publications
Subject
