Journal Article

Genomic Insights into Vibrio parahaemolyticus from Southern Korea: Pathogenicity, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Phylogenetic Distinctions

Zin, Hyunwoo, Shin, Younhee, Yoon, Minchul, Cho, Sunghyun, Lim, Jaewon, Kim, Byeori, Ha, Kwangsoo

2024

Overview

Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a significant cause of gastroenteritis and a growing public health concern, has become increasingly prevalent owing to the rise in ocean temperatures driven by climate change. This study aimed to characterize the genetic diversity, pathogenic potential, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of V. parahaemolyticus strains isolated from the southern coastal region of Korea. Using whole genome sequencing (WGS) and advanced bioinformatics tools, we identified novel sequence types through multilocus sequence typing and serotyped isolates using the VPsero database. Pathogenic genes, such as tdh and trh, were detected in only a few isolates, suggesting the involvement of alternative virulence mechanisms in the pathogenicity of these strains. An in silico analysis revealed widespread AMR, particularly against beta-lactams, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline antibiotics, underscoring the public health threats posed by these strains. A phylogenetic analysis revealed no significant clustering by geographic origin, year, or strain source, although most clinical and environmental strains were not closely related at lower phylogenetic branches. These findings highlight the importance of continued genomic surveillance and strict regulations regarding antibiotic use in marine environments. Moreover, this study suggests that integrating WGS data with epidemiological models could enhance the prediction of the emerging virulent strains and support effective outbreak management strategies.

• Publisher: MDPI AG,MDPI
• Subject: Antibiotics / Antimicrobial agents / Antimicrobial resistance / Bacteria / Bioinformatics / Carbenicillin / Chloramphenicol / Chloromycetin / Climate change / Climatic changes / Clustering / Coastal zone / DNA sequencing / Drug resistance / Drug resistance in microorganisms / Environmental management / Epidemic models / Epidemiology / Gastroenteritis / Gene sequencing / Genes / Genetic diversity / Genomes / Genomics / Health aspects / Health risks / Korea / Marine environment / Maximum likelihood method / Multilocus sequence typing / Nucleotide sequence / Nucleotide sequencing / Ocean temperature / Oxytetracycline / Pathogenicity / Pathogens / phylogenetic analysis / Phylogenetics / Phylogeny / Public health / Seafood / Seawater / Shellfish / Software / Strain analysis / Surveillance / Threat evaluation / Vibrio parahaemolyticus / Vibrio parahaemolyticus / Virulence / Virulence (Microbiology) / Whole genome sequencing / β-Lactam antibiotics