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Field trial demonstrating phytoremediation of the military explosive RDX by XplA/XplB-expressing switchgrass

by Bruce, Neil C. , Zhang, Long , Routsong, Ryan M. , Palazzo, Antonio J. , Strand, Stuart E. , Cary, Timothy J. , Rylott, Elizabeth L.

in 631/449 / 631/61 / Agriculture / Aquifers / Bioinformatics / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Biomedical Engineering/Biotechnology / Biomedicine / Bioremediation / Biotechnology / Chemical properties / Environmental aspects / Enzymes / Explosives / Gram-positive bacteria / Grasses / Groundwater pollution / Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine / Letter / Life Sciences / Methods / Microbial enzymes / Military / Military bases / Military supplies / Military training / Panicum virgatum / Phytoremediation / RDX / Rhodococcus rhodochrous / Soil bacteria / Soil contamination / Soil microorganisms / Training / Triazine

2021

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Field trial demonstrating phytoremediation of the military explosive RDX by XplA/XplB-expressing switchgrass

by Bruce, Neil C. , Zhang, Long , Routsong, Ryan M. , Palazzo, Antonio J. , Strand, Stuart E. , Cary, Timothy J. , Rylott, Elizabeth L.

2021

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Field trial demonstrating phytoremediation of the military explosive RDX by XplA/XplB-expressing switchgrass

by Bruce, Neil C. , Zhang, Long , Routsong, Ryan M. , Palazzo, Antonio J. , Strand, Stuart E. , Cary, Timothy J. , Rylott, Elizabeth L.

2021

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Journal Article

Field trial demonstrating phytoremediation of the military explosive RDX by XplA/XplB-expressing switchgrass

Bruce, Neil C.,

Zhang, Long,

Routsong, Ryan M.,

Palazzo, Antonio J.,

Strand, Stuart E.,

Cary, Timothy J.,

Rylott, Elizabeth L.

2021

Overview

The explosive hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), a major component of munitions, is used extensively on military training ranges. As a result, widespread RDX pollution in groundwater and aquifers in the United States is now well documented. RDX is toxic, but its removal from training ranges is logistically challenging, lacking cost-effective and sustainable solutions. Previously, we have shown that thale cress ( Arabidopsis thaliana ) engineered to express two genes, xplA and xplB , encoding RDX-degrading enzymes from the soil bacterium Rhodococcus rhodochrous 11Y can break down this xenobiotic in laboratory studies. Here, we report the results of a 3-year field trial of XplA/XplB-expressing switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum ) conducted on three locations in a military site. Our data suggest that XplA/XplB switchgrass has in situ efficacy, with potential utility for detoxifying RDX on live-fire training ranges, munitions dumps and minefields. Switchgrass engineered to express two enzymes that degrade the explosive hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) detoxifies military sites contaminated with the munition when grown on these plots in a 3-year field trial.

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Publisher

Nature Publishing Group US,Nature Publishing Group

Subject

/ 631/61

/ Biomedical and Life Sciences

/ Biomedical Engineering/Biotechnology