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Functional differentiation of cooperating kinesin-2 motors orchestrates cargo import and transport in C. elegans cilia
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Functional differentiation of cooperating kinesin-2 motors orchestrates cargo import and transport in C. elegans cilia
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Journal Article
Functional differentiation of cooperating kinesin-2 motors orchestrates cargo import and transport in C. elegans cilia
2015
Overview
Intracellular transport depends on cooperation between distinct motor proteins. Two anterograde intraflagellar transport (IFT) motors, heterotrimeric kinesin-II and homodimeric OSM-3, cooperate to move cargo along
Caenorhabditis elegans
cilia. Here, using quantitative fluorescence microscopy, with single-molecule sensitivity, of IFT in living strains containing single-copy transgenes encoding fluorescent IFT proteins, we show that kinesin-II transports IFT trains through the ciliary base and transition zone to a ‘handover zone’ on the proximal axoneme. There, OSM-3 gradually replaces kinesin-II, yielding velocity profiles inconsistent with
in vitro
motility assays, and then drives transport to the ciliary tip. Dissociated kinesin-II motors undergo rapid turnaround and recycling to the ciliary base, whereas OSM-3 is recycled mainly to the handover zone. This reveals a functional differentiation in which the slower, less processive kinesin-II imports IFT trains into the cilium and OSM-3 drives their long-range transport, thereby optimizing cargo delivery.
Using
in vivo
quantitative single-molecule fluorescence microscopy of kinesin II and OSM-3 motor dynamics in
C. elegans
cilia, Peterman and colleagues show that kinesin II loads cargo at the base, whereas OSM-3 transports the cargo to the tip.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ 14/63
/ 64/11
/ A Kinase Anchor Proteins - genetics
/ A Kinase Anchor Proteins - metabolism
/ Animals
/ Biological Transport - genetics
/ Caenorhabditis elegans - genetics
/ Caenorhabditis elegans - metabolism
/ Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins - chemistry
/ Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins - genetics
/ Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins - metabolism
/ Imports
/ Kinesin
/ Kinetics
/ Luminescent Proteins - genetics
/ Luminescent Proteins - metabolism
/ Mutation
