Journal Article

Effects of Water-Saving Irrigation on Emissions of Greenhouse Gases and Prokaryotic Communities in Rice Paddy Soil

Lee, Jong-Sik, Ahn, Jae-Hyung, Kim, Byung-Yong, Choi, Min-Young, Song, Jaekyeong, Weon, Hang-Yeon, Kim, Gun-Yeob

2014

Overview

The effects of water-saving irrigation on emissions of greenhouse gases and soil prokaryotic communities were investigated in an experimental rice field. The water layer was kept at 1–2 cm in the water-saving (WS) irrigation treatment and at 6 cm in the continuous flooding (CF) irrigation treatment. WS irrigation decreased CH₄ emissions by 78 % and increased N₂O emissions by 533 %, resulting in 78 % reduction of global warming potential compared to the CF irrigation. WS irrigation did not affect the abundance or phylogenetic distribution of bacterial/archaeal 16S rRNA genes and the abundance of bacterial/archaeal 16S rRNAs. The transcript abundance of CH₄ emission-related genes generally followed CH₄ emission patterns, but the difference in abundance between mcrA transcripts and amoA/pmoA transcripts best described the differences in CH₄ emissions between the two irrigation practices. WS irrigation increased the relative abundance of 16S rRNAs and functional gene transcripts associated with Anaeromyxobacter and Methylocystis spp., suggesting that their activities might be important in emissions of the greenhouse gases. The N₂O emission patterns were not reflected in the abundance of N₂O emission-related genes and transcripts. We showed that the alternative irrigation practice was effective for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from rice fields and that it did not affect the overall size and structure of the soil prokaryotic community but did affect the activity of some groups.

• Publisher: Springer-Verlag,Springer,Springer US,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: Abundance / Acid soils / Agricultural Irrigation / Agricultural Irrigation - methods / Agricultural soils / Anaeromyxobacter / Archaea / Archaea - classification / Archaea - growth & development / Archaeal genes / Bacteria / Bacteria - classification / Bacteria - growth & development / Biological and medical sciences / Biomedical and Life Sciences / classification / Climate change / Ecology / Emissions / ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY / Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology / Genes / Genes, Archaeal / Genes, Bacterial / genetics / Geoecology/Natural Processes / Global warming / Greenhouse Effect / greenhouse gas emissions / Greenhouse gases / growth & development / Irrigation / Irrigation practices / Irrigation water / Korea (South) / Life Sciences / messenger RNA / metabolism / Methane / Methane - metabolism / methods / Methylocystis / Microbial Ecology / Microbiology / Nature Conservation / Nitrous oxide / Nitrous Oxide - metabolism / Oryza / Oryza sativa / paddies / paddy soils / Phylogenetics / Phylogeny / Pollutant emissions / Relative abundance / Republic of Korea / ribosomal RNA / Rice / Rice fields / Rice paddies / Rice soils / RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics / rRNA 16S / Seasons / Sequence Analysis, DNA / Soil / Soil Microbiology / Soil microorganisms / Soil structure / Water / Water conservation / Water Quality/Water Pollution