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![Growth in emission transfers via international trade from 1990 to 2008](https://www.mbrl.ae/o/mbrl-theme/images/site-assets/generic/no-book-image.png)
Growth in emission transfers via international trade from 1990 to 2008
by
Edenhofer, Ottmar
, Peters, Glen P
, Minx, Jan C
, Weber, Christopher L
in
Air pollution control
/ Balance of trade
/ Biological Sciences
/ Carbon dioxide
/ Carbon Dioxide - analysis
/ Carbon dioxide emissions
/ Climate
/ Climate change
/ Commerce - trends
/ Countries
/ Developed Countries
/ Developing Countries
/ Emission control
/ Emissions
/ Emissions policy
/ Emissions reduction
/ Environmental policy
/ Estimation methods
/ Greenhouse Effect
/ greenhouse gas emissions
/ Greenhouse gases
/ imports
/ International trade
/ Kyoto Protocol
/ LDCs
/ manufacturing
/ Physical Sciences
/ Pollutant emissions
/ Vehicle Emissions - analysis
2011
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Growth in emission transfers via international trade from 1990 to 2008
by
Edenhofer, Ottmar
, Peters, Glen P
, Minx, Jan C
, Weber, Christopher L
in
Air pollution control
/ Balance of trade
/ Biological Sciences
/ Carbon dioxide
/ Carbon Dioxide - analysis
/ Carbon dioxide emissions
/ Climate
/ Climate change
/ Commerce - trends
/ Countries
/ Developed Countries
/ Developing Countries
/ Emission control
/ Emissions
/ Emissions policy
/ Emissions reduction
/ Environmental policy
/ Estimation methods
/ Greenhouse Effect
/ greenhouse gas emissions
/ Greenhouse gases
/ imports
/ International trade
/ Kyoto Protocol
/ LDCs
/ manufacturing
/ Physical Sciences
/ Pollutant emissions
/ Vehicle Emissions - analysis
2011
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![Growth in emission transfers via international trade from 1990 to 2008](https://www.mbrl.ae/o/mbrl-theme/images/site-assets/generic/no-book-image.png)
Growth in emission transfers via international trade from 1990 to 2008
by
Edenhofer, Ottmar
, Peters, Glen P
, Minx, Jan C
, Weber, Christopher L
in
Air pollution control
/ Balance of trade
/ Biological Sciences
/ Carbon dioxide
/ Carbon Dioxide - analysis
/ Carbon dioxide emissions
/ Climate
/ Climate change
/ Commerce - trends
/ Countries
/ Developed Countries
/ Developing Countries
/ Emission control
/ Emissions
/ Emissions policy
/ Emissions reduction
/ Environmental policy
/ Estimation methods
/ Greenhouse Effect
/ greenhouse gas emissions
/ Greenhouse gases
/ imports
/ International trade
/ Kyoto Protocol
/ LDCs
/ manufacturing
/ Physical Sciences
/ Pollutant emissions
/ Vehicle Emissions - analysis
2011
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Growth in emission transfers via international trade from 1990 to 2008
![Growth in emission transfers via international trade from 1990 to 2008](https://mbrl.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/image/custom?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pnas.org%2Fcontent%2F108%2F21.cover.gif)
Journal Article
Growth in emission transfers via international trade from 1990 to 2008
2011
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Overview
Despite the emergence of regional climate policies, growth in global COâ emissions has remained strong. From 1990 to 2008 COâ emissions in developed countries (defined as countries with emission-reduction commitments in the Kyoto Protocol, Annex B) have stabilized, but emissions in developing countries (non-Annex B) have doubled. Some studies suggest that the stabilization of emissions in developed countries was partially because of growing imports from developing countries. To quantify the growth in emission transfers via international trade, we developed a trade-linked global database for COâ emissions covering 113 countries and 57 economic sectors from 1990 to 2008. We find that the emissions from the production of traded goods and services have increased from 4.3 Gt COâ in 1990 (20% of global emissions) to 7.8 Gt COâ in 2008 (26%). Most developed countries have increased their consumption-based emissions faster than their territorial emissions, and non-energy-intensive manufacturing had a key role in the emission transfers. The net emission transfers via international trade from developing to developed countries increased from 0.4 Gt COâ in 1990 to 1.6 Gt COâ in 2008, which exceeds the Kyoto Protocol emission reductions. Our results indicate that international trade is a significant factor in explaining the change in emissions in many countries, from both a production and consumption perspective. We suggest that countries monitor emission transfers via international trade, in addition to territorial emissions, to ensure progress toward stabilization of global greenhouse gas emissions.
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