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Septic-Associated Encephalopathy: a Comprehensive Review
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Septic-Associated Encephalopathy: a Comprehensive Review
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Journal Article
Septic-Associated Encephalopathy: a Comprehensive Review
2020
Overview
Septic-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a key manifestation of sepsis, ranging from delirium to coma and occurring in up to 70% of patients admitted to the ICU. SAE is associated with higher ICU and hospital mortality, and also with poorer long-term outcomes, including cognitive and functional outcomes. The pathophysiology of SAE is complex, and it may involve neurotransmitter dysfunction, inflammatory and ischemic lesions to the brain, microglial activation, and blood–brain barrier dysfunction. Delirium (which is included in the SAE spectrum) is mostly diagnosed with validated scales in the ICU population. There is no established treatment for SAE; benzodiazepines should generally be avoided in this setting. Nonpharmacological prevention and management is key for treating SAE; it includes avoiding oversedation (mainly with benzodiazepines), early mobilization, and sleep promotion.
Publisher
Elsevier Inc,Springer International Publishing,Springer Nature B.V
Subject
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Coma
/ Delirium
/ Humans
/ Ischemia
/ Review
/ Sepsis
/ Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy
/ Sleep
