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Mature Dendritic Cells Use Endocytic Receptors to Capture and Present Antigens
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Journal Article
Mature Dendritic Cells Use Endocytic Receptors to Capture and Present Antigens
2010
Overview
In response to inflammatory stimuli, dendritic cells (DCs) trigger the process of maturation, a terminal differentiation program required to initiate T-lymphocyte responses. A hallmark of maturation is downregulation of endocytosis, which is widely assumed to restrict the ability of mature DCs to capture and present antigens encountered after the initial stimulus. We found that mature DCs continue to accumulate antigens, especially by receptor-mediated endocytosis and phagocytosis. Internalized antigens are transported normally to late endosomes and lysosomes, loaded onto MHC class II molecules (MHCII), and then presented efficiently to T cells. This occurs despite the fact that maturation results in the general depletion of MHCII from late endocytic compartments, with MHCII enrichment being typically thought to be a required feature of antigen processing and peptide loading compartments. Internalized antigens can also be cross-presented on MHC class l molecules, without any reduction in efficiency relative to immature DCs. Thus, although mature DCs markedly downregulate their capacity for macropinocytosis, they continue to capture, process, and present antigens internalized via endocytic receptors, suggesting that they may continuously initiate responses to newly encountered antigens during the course of an infection.
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences,National Acad Sciences
