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Force Mapping in Epithelial Cell Migration

by Chavrier, Philippe , du Roure, Olivia , Austin, Robert H. , de Gennes, Pierre-Gilles , Ladoux, Benoit , Siberzan, Pascal , Saez, Alexandre , Buguin, Axel

in Actins / Actins - metabolism / Animals / Biological Sciences / Biomechanical Phenomena / Biomechanics / Biophysical Phenomena / Biophysics / Cell adhesion / Cell adhesion & migration / Cell Adhesion - physiology / Cell Line / Cell motility / Cell Movement - drug effects / Cell Movement - physiology / Comparative analysis / Deformation / Dogs / Engineering Sciences / Epithelial cells / Epithelial Cells - cytology / Epithelial Cells - drug effects / Epithelium / Fluorescence microscopy / Hepatocyte Growth Factor - pharmacology / Hepatocytes / Kinetics / Mechanical stress / Mechanics / Microscopy / Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Microscopy, Fluorescence / Physics / Scientific imaging / Spring constant / Traction

2005

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Force Mapping in Epithelial Cell Migration

by Chavrier, Philippe , du Roure, Olivia , Austin, Robert H. , de Gennes, Pierre-Gilles , Ladoux, Benoit , Siberzan, Pascal , Saez, Alexandre , Buguin, Axel

2005

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Force Mapping in Epithelial Cell Migration

by Chavrier, Philippe , du Roure, Olivia , Austin, Robert H. , de Gennes, Pierre-Gilles , Ladoux, Benoit , Siberzan, Pascal , Saez, Alexandre , Buguin, Axel

2005

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Journal Article

Force Mapping in Epithelial Cell Migration

Chavrier, Philippe,

du Roure, Olivia,

Austin, Robert H.,

de Gennes, Pierre-Gilles,

Ladoux, Benoit,

Siberzan, Pascal,

Saez, Alexandre,

Buguin, Axel

2005

Overview

We measure dynamic traction forces exerted by epithelial cells on a substrate. The force sensor is a high-density array of elastomeric microfabricated pillars that support the cells. Traction forces induced by cell migration are deduced from the measurement of the bending of these pillars and are correlated with actin localization by fluorescence microscopy. We use a multiple-particle tracking method to estimate the mechanical activity of cells in real time with a high-spatial resolution (down to 2 μm) imposed by the periodicity of the post array. For these experiments, we use differentiated Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) epithelial cells. Our data provide definite information on mechanical forces exerted by a cellular assembly. The maximum intensity of the forces is localized on the edge of the epithelia. Hepatocyte growth factor promotes cell motility and induces strong scattering activity of MDCK cells. Thus, we compare forces generated by MDCK cells in subconfluent epithelia versus isolated cells after hepatocyte growth factor treatment. Maximal-traction stresses at the edge of a monolayer correspond to higher values than those measured for a single cell and may be due to a collective behavior.

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Publisher

National Academy of Sciences,National Acad Sciences

Subject

Actins

/ Actins - metabolism

/ Animals

/ Biological Sciences

/ Biomechanical Phenomena

/ Biomechanics

/ Biophysical Phenomena