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Preventive and therapeutic DNA vaccination partially protect dogs against an infectious challenge with Trypanosoma cruzi
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Preventive and therapeutic DNA vaccination partially protect dogs against an infectious challenge with Trypanosoma cruzi
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Preventive and therapeutic DNA vaccination partially protect dogs against an infectious challenge with Trypanosoma cruzi
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Journal Article
Preventive and therapeutic DNA vaccination partially protect dogs against an infectious challenge with Trypanosoma cruzi
2013
Overview
•We evaluated the safety and efficacy of a DNA vaccine against Trypanosoma cruzi in dogs.•Vaccination reduced parasitemia, cardiac inflammation and parasite burden.•Vaccination tended to decrease arrhythmias and mortality.•Vaccination may reduce parasite transmission and disease progression in dogs.
American trypanosomiasis, or Chagas disease, is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, and a vaccine would greatly improve disease control. While some studies in mice suggest that a vaccine is feasible, limited efficacy has been observed in dogs. We evaluated here the safety and efficacy of a DNA vaccine encoding TSA-1 and Tc24 antigens in a dog model of acute T. cruzi infection. Mongrel dogs were immunized with two doses of 500μg of DNA vaccine, two weeks apart, and infected with T. cruzi (SylvioX10/4 strain) two weeks after the second vaccine dose. Another group of dogs was infected first and treated with the vaccine. Disease progression was monitored for up to 70 days post-infection. The vaccine did not induce any critical change in blood parameters, nor exacerbation of disease in vaccinated animals. On the contrary, it prevented anemia and a decrease in lymphocyte counts following T. cruzi infection in vaccinated dogs. Both preventive and therapeutic vaccination significantly reduced parasitemia, cardiac inflammation and cardiac parasite burden, and tended to reduce the development of cardiac arrhythmias. These results indicate that a preventive or therapeutic DNA vaccine encoding TSA-1 and Tc24 antigens is safe and may reduce both parasite transmission and the clinical progression of Chagas disease in vaccinated dogs. This DNA vaccine may thus be an excellent veterinary vaccine candidate. These data also further strengthen the feasibility of a Chagas disease vaccine for humans.
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd,Elsevier
Subject
/ anemia
/ Animals
/ Antibodies, Protozoan - blood
/ antigens
/ Antigens, Protozoan - genetics
/ Antigens, Protozoan - immunology
/ Biological and medical sciences
/ Chagas Disease - prevention & control
/ DNA
/ Dogs
/ Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
/ humans
/ Life cycle. Host-agent relationship. Pathogenesis
/ mice
/ Parasitemia - prevention & control
/ Protozoa
/ Protozoan Proteins - genetics
/ Protozoan Proteins - immunology
/ Protozoan Vaccines - genetics
/ Protozoan Vaccines - immunology
/ Protozoan Vaccines - therapeutic use
/ Vaccine
/ Vaccines, antisera, therapeutical immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies (general aspects)
