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Forisomes: calcium-powered protein complexes with potential as ‘smart’ biomaterials
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Journal Article
Forisomes: calcium-powered protein complexes with potential as ‘smart’ biomaterials
2010
Overview
Sieve tubes in legumes contain forisomes, which are spindle-like bodies that are composed of ATP-independent, mechanically active proteins. Upon injury, forisomes occlude sieve tubes by dispersion and thus, help to prevent loss of nutrient-rich transport sap. Forisome enlargement by dispersion is brought about by Ca
2+-induced conformational changes that confer radial expansion and longitudinal contraction. Forisomes recontract upon Ca
2+ removal.
In vitro, forisomes reversibly disperse and contract in the presence or absence of Ca
2+, respectively, and at distinct pHs. Recently, forisomes have received renewed attention because of their unique capacity to convert chemical into mechanical energy independent of high-energy organic compounds. Forisome-based ‘smart’ materials can be used to produce self-powered monitoring and diagnostic systems. Here, we focus on physiological, chemical and physical aspects of forisomes and discuss their potential as biomimetic devices.
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd,Cell Press,Elsevier Limited
Subject
