Journal Article

Perampanel effectiveness in treating ROGDI-related Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome: first reported case in China and literature review

Zhang, Xiaofang, Song, Xiaojie, Huang, Dishu, Ding, Ran, Jiang, Li, Meng, Linxue, Gui, Jianxiong, Xie, Lingling, Luo, Hanyu

2023

Overview

Purpose This study reported the first case of Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome (KTS) in China and reviewed the literature of the reported cases. Methods This patient was registered at the Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. The patient’s symptoms and treatments were recorded in detail, and the patient was monitored for six years. We employed a combination of the following search terms and Boolean operators in our search strategy: Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome, KTS, and ROGDI . These terms were carefully selected to capture a broad range of relevant publications in PubMed, Web of Science, WHO Global Health Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, including synonyms, variations, and specific terms related to KTS. The pathogenicity of the variants was predicted using SpliceAI and MutationTaster, and the structures of the ROGDI mutations were constructed using I-TASSER. Results This is the first case report of KTS in China. Our patient presented with epilepsy, global developmental delay, and amelogenesis imperfecta. A trio-WES revealed homozygous mutations in ROGDI (c.46-37_46-30del). The brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and video electroencephalogram (VEEG) were normal. The efficacy of perampanel (PMP) in treating seizures and intellectual disability was apparent. Furthermore, 43 cases of ROGDI -related KTS were retrieved. 100% exhibited epilepsy, global developmental delay, and amelogenesis imperfecta. 17.2% received a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and 3.4% were under suspicion of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Language disorders were observed in all patients. Emotional disorders, notably self-harm behaviors (9.1%), were also reported. Conclusion ROGDI -related KTS is a rare neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by three classic clinical manifestations: epilepsy, global developmental delay, and amelogenesis imperfecta. Moreover, patients could present comorbidities, including ADHD, ASD, emotional disorders, and language disorders. PMP may be a potential drug with relatively good efficacy, but long-term clinical trials are still needed.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Age / Amelogenesis imperfecta / Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder / Autism / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Biomedicine / Care and treatment / Child development / Clinical trials / Comorbidity / Complications and side effects / Convulsions & seizures / Cyanosis / Developmental delay / Diagnosis / EEG / Emotional behavior / Epilepsy / Fever / Gene Expression / Genomes / Human Genetics / Intellectual disabilities / Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome / Language / Literature reviews / Magnetic resonance imaging / Microarrays / Mutation / Neurodegenerative diseases / Neuroimaging / Pathogenicity / Patient outcomes / Patients / Perampanel / Pervasive developmental disorders / Public health / ROGDI gene / Seizures / Self-injury / Spasticity / Spliceosome Mutations in Human Disease