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The association between multiple trajectories of macronutrient intake and the risk of new‐onset diabetes in Chinese adults
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The association between multiple trajectories of macronutrient intake and the risk of new‐onset diabetes in Chinese adults
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Journal Article
The association between multiple trajectories of macronutrient intake and the risk of new‐onset diabetes in Chinese adults
2024
Overview
Background The association between macronutrient intake and diabetes is unclear. We used data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey to explore the association between macronutrient intake trajectories and diabetes risk in this study. Methods We included 6755 participants who did not have diabetes at baseline and participated in at least three surveys. The energy supply ratio of carbohydrate, protein, and fat was further calculated from dietary data; different macronutrient trajectories were determined using multitrajectory models; and multiple Cox regression models were used to evaluate the association between these trajectories and diabetes. Results We found three multitrajectories: decreased low carbohydrate‐increased moderate protein‐increased high fat (DLC‐IMP‐IHF), decreased high carbohydrate‐moderate protein‐increased low fat (DHC‐MP‐ILF), and balanced‐macronutrients (BM). Compared to the BM trajectory, DHC‐MP‐ILF trajectories were significantly associated with increased risk of diabetes (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.228, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.571–6.632), whereas no association between DLC‐IMP‐IHF trajectories and diabetes was found in our study (HR: 0.699, 95% CI: 0.351–1.392). Conclusions The downward trend of high carbohydrate and the increasing trend of low fat increased the risk of diabetes in Chinese adults. Highlights This study explored the multitrajectories of macronutrients in the Chinese adult population over a period of 26 years. The impact of each macronutrient ratio on diabetes was comprehensively considered. More ideas are provided for the prevention of diabetes.
Publisher
Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd,John Wiley & Sons, Inc,Wiley
Subject
/ Diabetes
/ Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology
/ Diet - statistics & numerical data
/ Dietary Carbohydrates - administration & dosage
/ Dietary Carbohydrates - adverse effects
/ Dietary Fats - administration & dosage
/ Dietary Fats - adverse effects
/ Dietary Proteins - administration & dosage
/ Female
/ Humans
/ Male
/ Original
/ Proteins
