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CD4+ Resident Memory T Cells Mediate Long-Term Local Skin Immune Memory of Contact Hypersensitivity in BALB/c Mice
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CD4+ Resident Memory T Cells Mediate Long-Term Local Skin Immune Memory of Contact Hypersensitivity in BALB/c Mice
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Journal Article
CD4+ Resident Memory T Cells Mediate Long-Term Local Skin Immune Memory of Contact Hypersensitivity in BALB/c Mice
2020
Overview
In allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and contact hypersensitivity (CHS), the healed skin shows greater swelling than the naïve skin in the same individual upon re-exposure to the same hapten. This \"local skin memory\" (LSM) in healed skin was maintained for a prolonged period of time and mediated by skin CD8
-resident memory T (T
) cells in C57BL/6 mice. However, the number of CD4
T cells is elevated in ACD-healed human skin, and the contribution of CD4
T
cells to the formation of LSM currently remains unclear. We herein demonstrated that immediately after CHS subsided, the healed skin in BALB/c mice showed an accumulation of hapten-specific CD4
and CD8
T
cells, with a predominance of CD4
T
cells. The presence of CD4
or CD8
T
cells in the healed skin was sufficient for the induction of a flare-up reaction upon a re-challenge. The CD4
and CD8
T
cells both produced interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor early after the re-challenge. Moreover, while CD8
T
cells gradually decreased over time and were eventually lost from the healed skin at 40-51 weeks after the resolution of CHS, the CD4
T
cell numbers remained elevated during this period. The present results indicate that the long-term maintenance of LSM is mediated by CD4
T
cells, and thus CD4
T
cells are an important target for the treatment of recurrent human ACD.
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA,Frontiers Media S.A
Subject
/ Animals
/ CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
/ CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
/ Dermatitis, Allergic Contact - immunology
/ Dermatitis, Contact - immunology
/ Immunologic Memory - immunology
/ Interferon-gamma - metabolism
/ Mice
/ Skin
/ tissue-resident memory T cells
