Journal Article

Dietary patterns are associated with lung function among Spanish smokers without respiratory disease

Sorli-Aguilar, Mar, Basora-Gallisa, Josep, Martin-Lujan, Francisco, Flores-Mateo, Gemma, Sola-Alberich, Rosa, Arija-Val, Victoria

2016

Overview

Background Diet can help preserve lung function in smokers, in addition to avoidance of smoking. The study aimed to evaluate associations between dietary patterns and lung function in smokers without respiratory disease. Methods This cross-sectional study analysed baseline data from randomised representative smokers without respiratory disease ( n  = 207, aged 35–70 years), selected from 20 primary health-care centres. Participants completed a validated semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were identified by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Impaired lung function was defined as FVC <80% and/or FEV1 < 80% of predicted value and/or FEV1/FVC <0.7. Associations were determined by logistic regression. Results Three major dietary patterns were identified. In multivariate-adjusted model, impaired lung function was associated with the Alcohol-consumption pattern (OR 4.56, 95% CI 1.58–13.18), especially in women (OR 11.47, 95% CI 2.25–58.47), and with the Westernised pattern in women (OR 5.62, 95% CI 1.17–27.02), whereas it not was associated with the Mediterranean-like pattern (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.28–1.79). Conclusion In smokers without respiratory disease, the Alcohol-consumption pattern and the Westernised pattern are associated with impaired lung function, especially in women. The Mediterranean-like pattern appears to be associated with preserved lung function because no statistical association is observed with impaired lung function. In addition to smoking cessation, modifying dietary patterns has possible clinical application to preserve lung function.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: Adult / Alcohol Drinking - adverse effects / Analysis / COPD and occupational lung disease / Critical Care Medicine / Cross-Sectional Studies / Diet, Mediterranean / Diet, Western - adverse effects / Exercise / Female / Food habits / Health aspects / Humans / Intensive / Internal Medicine / Logistic Models / Lung - physiopathology / Lung diseases / Male / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Middle Aged / Multicenter Studies as Topic / Multivariate Analysis / Pneumology/Respiratory System / Pulmonary function tests / Pulmonology / Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Research Article / Respiration Disorders / Respiratory Function Tests / Sex Factors / Smokers / Smoking - physiopathology / Social Class / Spain / Surveys and Questionnaires