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DNA evidence: Current perspective and future challenges in India
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Journal Article
DNA evidence: Current perspective and future challenges in India
2014
Overview
•DNA fingerprinting has extensively been used in the court room for civil as well as criminal adjudication worldwide.•DNA evidence may be used only as corroborative evidence and not as a conclusive proof especially in criminal cases.•Indian courts are relying on DNA evidence both in civil and criminal matters but there is no legal regime on DNA profiling.•Since half a decade, India is attempting to legislate on DNA profiling; the bill is awaiting placement in the Parliament.•This article reviews the consequences of admissibility of DNA as ‘evidence’ in the judicial dominion in India.
Since the discovery of DNA fingerprinting technology in 1985 it has been used extensively as evidence in the court of law world-wide to establish the individual identity both in civil and criminal matters. In India, the first case of parentage dispute solved by the use of DNA fingerprinting technology was in 1989. Since then till date, the DNA technology has been used not only to resolve the cases of paternity and maternity disputes, but also for the establishment of individual identity in various criminal cases and for wildlife forensic identification. Since last half a decade, India is exercising to enact legislation on the use of DNA in the judicial realm and the draft ‘Human DNA Bill-2012’ is pending in the parliament. Largely, the promoters of forensic DNA testing have anticipated that DNA tests are nearly infallible and DNA technology could be the greatest single advance step in search for truth, conviction of the perpetrator, and acquittal of the innocent. The current article provides a comprehensive review on the status of DNA testing in India and elucidates the consequences of the admissibility of DNA as ‘evidence’ in the judicial dominion. In this backdrop of civil and criminal laws and changing ethical and societal attitudes, it is concluded that the DNA legislation in India and world-wide needs to be designed with utmost care.
Publisher
Elsevier Ireland Ltd,Elsevier Limited
