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Impact of different mosquito collection methods on indicators of Anopheles malaria vectors in Uganda
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Impact of different mosquito collection methods on indicators of Anopheles malaria vectors in Uganda
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Impact of different mosquito collection methods on indicators of Anopheles malaria vectors in Uganda
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Journal Article
Impact of different mosquito collection methods on indicators of Anopheles malaria vectors in Uganda
2022
Overview
Background
Methods used to sample mosquitoes are important to consider when estimating entomologic metrics. Human landing catches (HLCs) are considered the gold standard for collecting malaria vectors. However, HLCs are labour intensive, can expose collectors to transmission risk, and are difficult to implement at scale. This study compared alternative methods to HLCs for collecting Anopheles mosquitoes in eastern Uganda.
Methods
Between June and November 2021, mosquitoes were collected from randomly selected households in three parishes in Tororo and Busia districts. Mosquitoes were collected indoors and outdoors using HLCs in 16 households every 4 weeks. Additional collections were done indoors with prokopack aspirators, and outdoors with pit traps, in these 16 households every 2 weeks. CDC light trap collections were done indoors in 80 households every 4 weeks. Female
Anopheles
mosquitoes were identified morphologically and
Anopheles gambiae
sensu lato were speciated using PCR.
Plasmodium falciparum
sporozoite testing was done with ELISA.
Results
Overall, 4,891 female
Anopheles
were collected, including 3,318 indoors and 1,573 outdoors. Compared to indoor HLCs, vector density (mosquitoes per unit collection) was lower using CDC light traps (4.24 vs 2.96, density ratio [DR] 0.70, 95% CIs 0.63–0.77, p < 0.001) and prokopacks (4.24 vs 1.82, DR 0.43, 95% CIs 0.37–0.49, p < 0.001). Sporozoite rates were similar between indoor methods, although precision was limited. Compared to outdoor HLCs, vector density was higher using pit trap collections (3.53 vs 6.43, DR 1.82, 95% CIs 1.61–2.05, p < 0.001), while the sporozoite rate was lower (0.018 vs 0.004, rate ratio [RR] 0.23, 95% CIs 0.07–0.75, p = 0.008). Prokopacks collected a higher proportion of
Anopheles funestus
(75.0%) than indoor HLCs (25.8%), while pit traps collected a higher proportion of
Anopheles arabiensis
(84.3%) than outdoor HLCs (36.9%).
Conclusion
In this setting, the density and species of mosquitoes collected with alternative methods varied, reflecting the feeding and resting characteristics of the common vectors and the different collection approaches. These differences could impact on the accuracy of entomological indicators and estimates of malaria transmission, when using the alternative methods for sampling mosquitos, as compared to HLCs.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,BMC
Subject
