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Extensive Soot Compaction by Cloud Processing from Laboratory and Field Observations

by Chandrakar, Kamal Kant , Pavese, Giulia , Gilardoni, Stefania , Dubey, Manvendra K. , Chakrabarty, Rajan K. , Zanca, Nicola , Onasch, Timothy B. , Girotto, Giulia , Mazzoleni, Lynn R. , Fialho, Paulo , Zaveri, Rahul A. , Cantrell, Will , Kinney, Greg , Decesari, Stefano , Shaw, Raymond A. , Moosmüller, Hans , Mazzoleni, Claudio , China, Swarup , Sharma, Noopur , Gorkowski, Kyle , Facchini, Maria Cristina , Esposito, Francesco , Bhandari, Janarjan , Aiken, Allison C. , Scarnato, Barbara V.

in 140/146 / 704/106/35 / 704/106/694 / Aerodynamic properties / Aggregates / Aging / Air quality / Compaction / Condensation / Controlled conditions / Earth Sciences / Electron microscopy / ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES / Evaporation / Geographical variations / GEOSCIENCES / Humanities and Social Sciences / Laboratories / Mathematical models / multidisciplinary / Outdoor air quality / Science / Science (multidisciplinary) / Soot / soot, climate, morphology, cloud processes, radiation / Surface properties

2019

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Extensive Soot Compaction by Cloud Processing from Laboratory and Field Observations

2019

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2019

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Journal Article

Extensive Soot Compaction by Cloud Processing from Laboratory and Field Observations

Chandrakar, Kamal Kant,

Pavese, Giulia,

Gilardoni, Stefania,

Dubey, Manvendra K.,

Chakrabarty, Rajan K.,

Zanca, Nicola,

Onasch, Timothy B.,

Girotto, Giulia,

Mazzoleni, Lynn R.,

Fialho, Paulo,

Zaveri, Rahul A.,

Cantrell, Will,

Kinney, Greg,

Decesari, Stefano,

Shaw, Raymond A.,

Moosmüller, Hans,

Mazzoleni, Claudio,

China, Swarup,

Sharma, Noopur,

Gorkowski, Kyle,

Facchini, Maria Cristina,

Esposito, Francesco,

Bhandari, Janarjan,

Aiken, Allison C.,

Scarnato, Barbara V.

2019

Overview

Soot particles form during combustion of carbonaceous materials and impact climate and air quality. When freshly emitted, they are typically fractal-like aggregates. After atmospheric aging, they can act as cloud condensation nuclei, and water condensation or evaporation restructure them to more compact aggregates, affecting their optical, aerodynamic, and surface properties. Here we survey the morphology of ambient soot particles from various locations and different environmental and aging conditions. We used electron microscopy and show extensive soot compaction after cloud processing. We further performed laboratory experiments to simulate atmospheric cloud processing under controlled conditions. We find that soot particles sampled after evaporating the cloud droplets, are significantly more compact than freshly emitted and interstitial soot, confirming that cloud processing, not just exposure to high humidity, compacts soot. Our findings have implications for how the radiative, surface, and aerodynamic properties, and the fate of soot particles are represented in numerical models.

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Publisher

Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group

Subject

140/146

/ 704/106/35

/ 704/106/694

/ Aerodynamic properties

/ Aggregates

/ Aging

/ Air quality